“…It must be noted that in equation (7) the surface displacements coincide with those of the mean surfaces, whilst in equation (8), accounting for the membrane and bending behaviour, the displacements are…”
Section: Lubkin and Reissner Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The literature survey carried out in the first part of this study [1] and the related comparison with finite element (FE) results have evidenced that, among the known models of the tubular bonded joints under axial loading [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], only the one by Lubkin and Reissner [2] gives a truthful distribution of the peel stress in the overlap, while the shear component is predicted correctly in all models. Moreover, the FE results evidence that the peel and shear stresses are the most important components; the remaining ones, namely the axial and hoop stresses, have similar magnitude and are about one half of the peel stress.…”
The literature presents several analytical models and solutions for single-and double-lap bonded joints, whilst the joint between circular tubes is less common. For this geometry the pioneering model is that of Lubkin and Reissner (Trans. ASME 78, 1956), in which the tubes are treated as cylindrical thin shells subjected to membrane and bending loading, whilst the adhesive transmits shear and peel stresses which are a function of the axial coordinate only. Such assumptions are consistent with those usually adopted for the flat joints. A former investigation has shown that the L-R model agrees with FE results for many geometries and gives far better results than other models appeared later in the literature. The aim of the present work is to obtain and present an explicit closed-form solution, not reported by Lubkin and Reissner, which is achieved by solving the governing equations by means of the Laplace transform. The correctness of the findings, assessed by the comparison with the tabular results of Lubkin and Reissner, and the features of this solution are commented.
“…It must be noted that in equation (7) the surface displacements coincide with those of the mean surfaces, whilst in equation (8), accounting for the membrane and bending behaviour, the displacements are…”
Section: Lubkin and Reissner Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The literature survey carried out in the first part of this study [1] and the related comparison with finite element (FE) results have evidenced that, among the known models of the tubular bonded joints under axial loading [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], only the one by Lubkin and Reissner [2] gives a truthful distribution of the peel stress in the overlap, while the shear component is predicted correctly in all models. Moreover, the FE results evidence that the peel and shear stresses are the most important components; the remaining ones, namely the axial and hoop stresses, have similar magnitude and are about one half of the peel stress.…”
The literature presents several analytical models and solutions for single-and double-lap bonded joints, whilst the joint between circular tubes is less common. For this geometry the pioneering model is that of Lubkin and Reissner (Trans. ASME 78, 1956), in which the tubes are treated as cylindrical thin shells subjected to membrane and bending loading, whilst the adhesive transmits shear and peel stresses which are a function of the axial coordinate only. Such assumptions are consistent with those usually adopted for the flat joints. A former investigation has shown that the L-R model agrees with FE results for many geometries and gives far better results than other models appeared later in the literature. The aim of the present work is to obtain and present an explicit closed-form solution, not reported by Lubkin and Reissner, which is achieved by solving the governing equations by means of the Laplace transform. The correctness of the findings, assessed by the comparison with the tabular results of Lubkin and Reissner, and the features of this solution are commented.
“…Goland and Reissner took into account the geometrical non-linearity due to the lag of neutral line to assess the bending moment at both overlap ends, as boundary conditions for the adhesive stress distributions, through a bending moment factor. The sandwich-type analysis concept was then employed by other researchers to improve this initial model to take into different local equilibriums, different constitutive behaviors and various geometries [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] eventually leading to various forms of the bending moment factor. Nevertheless, as function of the set of initial simplifying hypotheses, it is not always possible to get closed-form solutions of adhesive stress distribution.…”
Adhesively bonded joints are often addressed through Finite Element (FE). However, analyses based on FE models are computationally expensive, especially when the number of adherends increases. Simplified approaches are suitable for intensive parametric studies. Firstly, a resolution approach for a 1D-beam simplified model of bonded joint stress analysis under linear elastic material is presented. This approach, named the macro-element (ME) technique, is presented and solved through two different methodologies. Secondly, a new methodology for the formulation of ME stiffness matrices is presented. This methodology offers the ability to easily take into account for the modification of simplifying hypotheses while providing the shape of solutions, which reduced then the computational time. It is illustrated with the 1D-beam ME resolution and compared with the previous ones. Perfect agreement is shown. Thirdly, a 1D-beam multi-layered ME formulation involving various local equilibrium equations and constitutive equations is described. It is able to address the stress analysis of multi-layered structures. It is illustrated on a double lap joint (DLJ) with the presented method.
“…Goland and Reissner took into account the geometrical non linearity due to the lag of neutral line to assess the bending moment at both overlap ends through a bending moment factor. This methodology was then employed by other researchers to improve the initial model [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] leading to various forms of the bending moment factor [33]. In 2017, Stapleton et al used a joint element (JE) for the stress analysis of FGA joints under various geometrical configurations, including in-plane and out-of-plane load as well as non-linear material behavior [34].…”
Functionally graded adhesive (FGA) joints involve a continuous variation of the adhesive properties along the overlap allowing for the homogenization of the stress distribution and load transfer, in order to increase the joint strength. The use of FGA joints made of dissimilar adherends under combined mechanical and thermal loads could then be an attractive solution. This paper aims at presenting a 1D-bar and a 1D-beam simplified stress analyses of such multimaterial joints, in order to predict the adhesive stress distribution along the overlap, as a function of the adhesive graduation. The graduation of the adhesive properties leads to differential equations which coefficients can vary the overlap length. For the 1D-bar analyses, two different resolution schemes are employed. The first one makes use of Taylor expansion power series (TEPS) as already published under pure mechanical load. The second one is based on the macro-element (ME) technique. For the 1D-beam analysis, the solution is only based on the ME technique. A comparative study against balanced and 2 unbalanced joint configurations under pure mechanical and/or thermal loads involving constant or graduated adhesive properties are provided to assess the presented stress analyses. The mathematical description of the analyses is provided.
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