Modeling of concrete cracking due to corrosion process of reinforcement bars

Bossio, Antonio; Monetta, Tullio; Bellucci, Francesco; Lignola, Gian Piero; Prota, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.01.010

Cited by 84 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Once steel corrosion begins and oxides start to expand, there are two options that can be considered: Corrosion products will expand freely until the porous zone is filled, and then internal pressure starts to exert a load on the concrete by means of circumferential tension Corrosion products do not fill porous zones or cracks and, from the moment they start to develop, they generate stresses at the oxide–concrete interface, leading to concrete cover cracking …”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of nonlinearity are almost independent of the bar diameter, except when c c / R 0 < 1, that is, representing cases where the cover is very thin. Both proposed models take into account the amount of corrosion penetration due to crack initiation, where crack initiation refers to the development of a crack prior to its reaching the surface of the concrete . The models presented here give the value of the crack width w c (mm) as a function of the oxide layer thickness y lin or y nl ; however, it is also possible to relate y lin or y nl to the corrosion penetration x by means of the volumetric expansion coefficient n related to the oxides generated by the corrosion process.…”

Section: Proposed Model: Correlation Between Crack Width and Bar Corrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, carbonation‐induced corrosion probably affects a wider range of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. When steel corrosion develops, the expansion of the corrosion products generates an internal pressure on the surrounding concrete, causing the concrete cover to crack and, subsequently, a reduction in the bonding, and load‐bearing capacity due to the reduction in bar cross‐sectional area and concrete cover spalling. Once cracks develop along the concrete cover, a favored path to reinforcement is provided for the rapid ingress of aggressive agents, resulting in an increasing rate of rebar corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corrosion products do not fill porous zones or cracks and, from the moment they start to develop, they generate stresses at the oxide-concrete interface, leading to concrete cover cracking. 1 Internal pressure caused by the oxides' volumetric expansion generates tensile stresses and strains in the surrounding concrete. At the same time, the oxide layer is compressed by the concrete, temporarily increasing the steel-concrete bond.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nondestructive assessment of corrosion of reinforcing bars through surface concrete cracks

Bossio

Lignola

Fabbrocino

et al. 2017

Structural Concrete

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Degradation of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is a serious safety problem affecting all industrialized countries, and the economical aspect of this problem cannot be neglected. One of the main reasons for the degradation of RC is the corrosion of steel reinforcing bars as a result of concrete cover cracking and reduction in bar cross section. As a consequence, the structural capacity of RC elements decreases progressively as degradation develops. Nondestructive testing and/or analytical formulation represent high-quality rapid methods for evaluating the corrosion penetration of bars and provide useful parameters for designing retrofits. This paper presents an additional tool that can be used to evaluate and assess the vulnerability of existing structures in terms of the determination of bar cross section lost. Using simple charts and formulas, this can be accomplished by calculating reinforcing bar cross section loss due to corrosion by measuring external crack widths in the concrete cover. Predictions were obtained by using two analytical models developed. These predictions have been satisfactorily compared with both the literature and new experimental results, as well as with previous empirical models available in the scientific literature. The experimental results were obtained by corroding real-scale concrete specimens reinforced with smooth and ribbed bars (according to old and modern building codes) using 3.5 wt% sodium chloride solution and an applied current

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Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Model: Correlation Between Crack Width and Bar Corrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nondestructive assessment of corrosion of reinforcing bars through surface concrete cracks

Bossio

Lignola

Fabbrocino

et al. 2017

Structural Concrete

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“…Some models discuss the time needed to generate cracking of the concrete as a function of the concrete characteristics, its physical properties and the accumulation of corrosion products (Liu and Weyers, 1998;Pantazopoulou and Papoulia, 2001), or assume good adherence behaviour at the steel/concrete interface to obtain an expansion threshold below which no crack propagation occurs (Leung, 2001). Other authors have modelled the critical corrosion penetration to initiate cracking and its relation with the reinforcement diameter (Andrade et al, 1993;Torres-Acosta and Martínez-Madrid, 2003;Muñoz et al, 2007;TorresAcosta and Castro-Borges, 2013), or the reduction in the steel section due to corrosion considering the concrete cover/rebar diameter relation and the characteristics of the concrete (Vidal et al, 2004;Bossio et al, 2015;Fahy et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicción de la vida útil en servicio de edificios de 50 años expuestos a ambientes marinos

et al. 2018

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Steel reinforcing bars are often coated with rusts formed during service in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Rust layers growing on steel rebars induce expansive stresses and cause cracking on cover concrete. This study uses steel corrosion rate results measured on reinforced concrete buildings of more than 50 years of age located in marine environments and considers the pressure generated by the volume expansion of corrosion product layers to calculate the service life of the RC structures using a numerical simulation, estimating the time to corrosion cracking of the concrete cover. Akaganeite, goethite, lepidocrocite, hematite, magnetite and maghemite were identified by X-ray diffraction as crystalline phase constituents of the rust layers. RESUMEN: Predicción de la vida útil en servicio de edificios de 50 años expuestos a ambientes marinos.Los refuerzos corrugados de acero embebidos en hormigón, presentan con frecuencia una capa de herrumbre formada durante la vida en servicio de las estructuras de hormigón armado (EHA). Las capas de óxido, productos de corrosión, que crecen en los refuerzos de acero inducen tensiones expansivas y causan el agrietamiento del recubrimiento de hormigón. El presente estudio utiliza los resultados de la velocidad de corrosión del acero corrugado, medidos en edificios de más de 50 años, construidos con hormigón armado, ubicados en ambientes marinos. El estudio considera la presión generada por la expansión de volumen de las capas de productos de corrosión para calcular la vida útil en servicio de las EHA utilizando una simulación numérica, estimando el tiempo hasta la fisuración por corrosión del recubrimiento de hormigón. Akaganeita, goethita, lepidocrocita, hematita, magnetita y maghemita fueron identificadas por difracción de rayos X, como constituyentes de las fases cristalinas de las capas de óxido.

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Cementitious materials with biological additive for enhanced durability in marine environment

Iovane,

Kim,

Tizzano

et al. 2023

ce papers

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Concrete structures suffer from cracking that leads to deterioration and shortening of service life. This is very critical for underwater structures, i.e., immersed bridge piles, immersed tunnel or submerged floating tunnels, which are consistently susceptible to ingress of harmful ions (chloride, sulphate and carbonate ions). Autonomous healing of concrete cracks can be beneficial to assure durability performance during the service life. In this context the paper presents a preliminary experimental activity carried out to study the self‐healing capacity of cementitious composites in marine environment. Four series of paste samples are prepared to evaluate the autonomous healing capabilities, achieved through biotic and abiotic additions. The experimental campaign is articulated in four phases, such as: specimen preparation; tests in compression; immersion in water; crack healing evaluation. The specimen performances are examined and compared in terms of mechanical strength and crack width healing over time. Results highlight the efficiency of the technology for crack healing.

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Modeling of concrete cracking due to corrosion process of reinforcement bars

Cited by 84 publications

References 36 publications

Nondestructive assessment of corrosion of reinforcing bars through surface concrete cracks

Nondestructive assessment of corrosion of reinforcing bars through surface concrete cracks

Predicción de la vida útil en servicio de edificios de 50 años expuestos a ambientes marinos

Cementitious materials with biological additive for enhanced durability in marine environment

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