Modeling of calcite dissolution by oxic respiration in supralysoclinal deep-sea sediments

Adler, M.; Hensen, Christian; Wenzhöfer, Frank; Pfeifer, Kerstin; Schulz, Horst D

doi:10.1016/s0025-3227(01)00130-x

Cited by 42 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Pressure and temperature effects on carbonate equilibria and other labile sediment properties require that measurements of core compositions and benthic solute fluxes related to CaCO 3 diagenesis be made in situ to avoid substantial artifacts associated with depressurization and warming (Berelson et al, 1994a;Emerson et al, 1982). The distribution of remineralization and metabolic acid production with depth in sediments interacts with overlying water boundary conditions and CaCO 3 dissolution kinetics to produce various patterns of CaCO 3 loss or storage (Adler et al, 2001;Archer, 1996b;Boudreau et al, 2010;Hales, 2003;Keir and Michel, 1993;Martin et al, 2000). The proportions of highly labile and refractory organic matter, coupled with sediment accumulation rates and bioturbation rates, determine whether most metabolic acid production takes place at the sediment-water interface or deeper (several centimeters) within deposits (i.e., low or high Damkö hler numbers) (Section 8.11.4.1).…”

Section: Dissolution Of Carbonate In Deep-sea Deposits and Internal Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary Diagenesis, Depositional Environments, and Benthic Fluxes

Aller

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

123

138

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Section: Dissolution Of Carbonate In Deep-sea Deposits and Internal Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary Diagenesis, Depositional Environments, and Benthic Fluxes

Aller

2014

Treatise on Geochemistry

123

138

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“…The software has been described in great detail elsewhere (e.g. Adler et al, 2000Adler et al, , 2001Wenzhöfer et al, 2001;Pfeifer et al, 2002). Notably, CoTReM has already been successfully applied to model transport processes and geochemical reactions at two mud volcanoes of the Eastern Mediterranean (Haese et al, 2003(Haese et al, , 2006.…”

Section: Geochemical Modeling With "Cotrem"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between hydrocarbon seepage, chemosynthetic communities, and bottom water redox at cold seeps of the Makran accretionary prism: insights from habitat-specific pore water sampling and modeling

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The interaction between fluid seepage, bottom water redox, and chemosynthetic communities was studied at cold seeps across one of the world's largest oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) located at the Makran convergent continental margin. Push cores were obtained from seeps within and below the core-OMZ with a remotely operated vehicle. Extracted sediment pore water was analyzed for sulfide and sulfate concentrations. Depending on oxygen availability in the bottom water, seeps were either colonized by microbial mats or by mats and macrofauna. The latter, including ampharetid polychaetes and vesicomyid clams, occurred in distinct benthic habitats, which were arranged in a concentric fashion around gas orifices. At most sites colonized by microbial mats, hydrogen sulfide was exported into the bottom water. Where macrofauna was widely abundant, hydrogen sulfide was retained within the sediment.Numerical modeling of pore water profiles was performed in order to assess rates of fluid advection and bioirrigation. While the magnitude of upward fluid flow decreased from 11 cm yr −1 to <1 cm yr −1 and the sulfate/methane transition (SMT) deepened with increasing distance from the central gas orifice, the fluxes of sulfate into the SMT did not significantly differ (6.6-9.3 mol m −2 yr −1 ). Depth-integrated rates of bioirrigation increased from 120 cm yr −1 in the central habitat, characterized by microbial mats and sparse macrofauna, to 297 cm yr −1 in the habitat of large and few small vesicomyid clams. These results reveal that chemosynthetic macrofauna inhabiting the outer seep habitats below the core-OMZ efficiently bioirrigate and thus transport sulfate down into the upper 10 to 15 cm of the sediment. In this way the animals deal with the lower upward flux of methane in outer habitats by stimulating rates of anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) with sulfate high enough to provide hydrogen sulfide for chemosynthesis. Through bioirrigation, macrofauna engineer their geochemical environment and fuel upward sulfide flux via AOM. Furthermore, due to the introduction of oxygenated bottom water into the sediment via bioirrigation, the depth of the sulfide sink gradually deepens towards outer habitats. We therefore suggest thatin addition to the oxygen levels in the water column, which determine whether macrofaunal communities can develop or not -it is the depth of the SMT and thus of sulfide production that determines which chemosynthetic communities are able to exploit the sulfide at depth. We hypothesize that large vesicomyid clams, by efficiently expanding the sulfate zone down into the sediment, could cut off smaller or less mobile organisms, as e.g. small clams and sulfur bacteria, from the sulfide source.

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“…Calcite dissolution may occur above the lysocline when the metabolic release of CO 2 during organic matter remineralization leads to carbonate under-saturation in the pore waters (Adler et al, 2001;Jahnke et al, 1994). This supralysocline dissolution process typically occurs below the OMZ in the Arabian Sea, where a high flux of organic material is accompanied by oxygen availability (Klöcker et al, 2007;Schulte and Bard, 2003;Tachikawa et al, 2008).…”

Section: Dissolution and Dilution Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 – odd monsoon event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition?

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Marine isotope stage (MIS) 13 (∼500 000 years ago) has been recognized as atypical in many paleoclimate records and, in particular, it has been connected to an exceptionally strong summer monsoon throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we present a multi-proxy study of a sediment core taken from the Murray Ridge at an intermediate water depth in the northern Arabian Sea that covers the last 750 000 years. Our results indicate that primary productivity conditions were anomalously high during MIS 13 in the Arabian Sea and led to extreme carbonate dissolution and glauconitization in the deep-sea sediments. These observations could be explained by increased wind driven upwelling of nutrient-rich deep waters and, hence, by the occurrence of an exceptionally strong summer monsoon event during MIS 13, as it was suggested in earlier studies. However, ice core records from Antarctica demonstrate that atmospheric methane concentrations, which are linked to the extent of tropical wetlands, were relatively low during this period. This constitutes a strong argument against an extremely enhanced global monsoon circulation during MIS 13 which, moreover, is in contrast with results of transient climate modelling experiments. As an alternative solution for the aberrant conditions in the Arabian Sea record, we propose that the high primary productivity was probably related to the onset of an intensive meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic Ocean at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition. This may have led to an increased supply of nutrient-rich deep waters into the Indian Ocean euphotic zone, thereby triggering the observed productivity maximum.

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Modeling of calcite dissolution by oxic respiration in supralysoclinal deep-sea sediments

Cited by 42 publications

References 25 publications

Sedimentary Diagenesis, Depositional Environments, and Benthic Fluxes

Sedimentary Diagenesis, Depositional Environments, and Benthic Fluxes

Interaction between hydrocarbon seepage, chemosynthetic communities, and bottom water redox at cold seeps of the Makran accretionary prism: insights from habitat-specific pore water sampling and modeling

High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 – odd monsoon event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition?

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