Modeling low elevation GPS signal propagation in maritime atmospheric ducts

Zhang, Jinpeng; Wu, Zhensen; Wang, Bo; Wang, Hongguang; Zhu, Qinglin

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2012.02.019

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Hence, estimating refractivity profiles plays an important role in predicting the performance of electromagnetic systems [26]. In this paper, based on previous work [35], we put forward an improved retrieval method, using the hybrid NSSAGA algorithm with match-field processing to retrieve tropospheric refractivity profiles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can be substituted by a sine or cosine transform because the bottom boundary approximates to a perfectly conducting surface. The SSFT solution of propagated wave equation is expressed as [26]:…”

Section: Propagation-loss Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A surface duct always forms when a relatively warm, dry air mass travels over a cooler, moister air mass [26], and it may cause substantial errors in propagation calculations for low-elevation GPS signals [47]. The modified refractivity profile is commonly employed for a surface duct.…”

Section: Modeling Refractivity Profile and Objective Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A promising approach for sensing refractivity profiles remotely is the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals [10,26]. Hitney [27] demonstrated the capability of estimating the trapping layer's base height from ultrahigh frequency (UHF) signal strengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Surface Duct Using Ground-Based GPS Phase Delay and Propagation Loss

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The propagation of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals at low-elevation angles is significantly affected by a surface duct. In this paper, we present an improved algorithm known as NSSAGA, in which simulated annealing (SA) is combined with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). Matched-field processing was used to remotely sense the refractivity structure by using the data of ground-based GPS phase delay and propagation loss from multiple antenna heights. The performance was checked by simulation data with and without noise. In comparison with NSGA-II, the new hybrid algorithm retrieved the refractivity structure more efficiently under various noise conditions. We then modified the objective function and found that matched-field processing is more effective than the conventional least-squares method for inferring the refractivity parameters. Comparing the inversion results and in situ sounding data suggests that the improved method presented herein can capture refractivity characteristics in realistic environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Propagation-loss Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modeling Refractivity Profile and Objective Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of Surface Duct Using Ground-Based GPS Phase Delay and Propagation Loss

et al. 2018

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“…In this paper, a novel method to remotely sense the height of evaporation duct is proposed using ground-based GPS radio occultation signal power as the satellite rises or sets on the horizon. Deterministic models can be founded to calculate the received power under tropospheric ducting conditions, which could be used in the approach to estimating EDH [18,19]. The concept of using GPS received signal for the EDH estimation has many advantages, such as the integrated refractive effects can be obtained, low cost, easily automated and extended to other GNSS systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrieving Evaporation Duct Heights From Power of Ground-Based GPS Occultation Signal

Wang¹,

Wu²,

Lin³

et al. 2013

PIER M

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Abstract-Evaporation duct is a manifest phenomenon that can affect microwave propagation seriously with low elevation angles near the sea surface. As an important parameter to describe the characteristic of the evaporation duct, duct height can be estimated from radar sea echo using a technique called as "refractivity from clutter". In this study, we proposed a novel approach to estimating the evaporation duct height. The signal power received by a groundbased GPS receiver is used when the GPS satellites rise or set at the local horizon over the sea. A forward propagation model and genetic algorithm are adopted to implement this method. The performance is evaluated via numerical simulation for inferring evaporation duct with different height. The results showed that the proposed method is well effective, especially for the conditions with higher evaporation duct height.

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Modeling signal amplitude of ground-based GPS occultation in marine tropospheric ducts

Hong-guang

Han

Sun

et al. 2014

Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications

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The propagation characteristics of Global Positioning System (GPS) signals at very low elevation angles are frequently affected by tropospheric refraction as the satellite rises or sets at the horizon. Previous research indicated that the signal can be used to detect normal and surface-based duct refractive conditions. Using reciprocity, we develop a model to predict ground-based GPS occultation signal propagation in the presence of marine tropospheric ducts. To involve the effects of refraction, sea surface impedance, roughness, and the Earth's curvature, the parabolic equation (PE) method is adopted in the low atmosphere. In implementing the PE numerically using the split-step discrete mixed Fourier transform algorithm, we propose a new approach of utilizing the relationship between the impedance coefficient and the reflection coefficient to modeling the right-hand circularly polarized GPS signal. The refraction effects from the top of the PE region to the satellite are modeled by ray tracing technique. Data measured by a ground-based receiver are presented and compared to the model under normal and duct refraction conditions, which show the validity of the propagation model in ground-based GPS occultation events. Potential applications of the ground-based occultation signal are also discussed.

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Modeling low elevation GPS signal propagation in maritime atmospheric ducts

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Estimation of Surface Duct Using Ground-Based GPS Phase Delay and Propagation Loss

Estimation of Surface Duct Using Ground-Based GPS Phase Delay and Propagation Loss

Retrieving Evaporation Duct Heights From Power of Ground-Based GPS Occultation Signal

Modeling signal amplitude of ground-based GPS occultation in marine tropospheric ducts

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