Modeling genetic and environmental influences in the etiology of conduct disorder: A study of 2,682 adult twin pairs.

Abstract

The etiology of CODdw:t disorder (CD) was examined retrospectively in a sample of 2,682 male.female, and un1ike-sex adult twin pairs from the community·based Australian 1Win Registec Modelfitting analyses indicated a substantial genetic intluence on risk for CD, accountiDg for 71<11 of the variance (95% confidence interval [CI] = 32-79<11). There was DOt a statistically sigui1icam effect of the shared environment in the best-fitting model of CD, but a modest effect of the shared environment on the risk for CD could not be rejected (95% CI = 0-32%). 1bemagoitude of genetic aDd environmental intluences for CD liability did not vary significantly for boys aDd girls. and the specific genetic aDd enviromnenta1 mechanisms important for the developmeat of CD appeared to be largely the san1e for both sexes. The fit of a multiple-thresbold model raises the possibility that CD may not necessarily be a discrete entity but rather an extreme of the normal variation in CODductdisordered behavior found in the general population.

Personality and the genetic risk for alcohol dependence.

“…Because the aims of this study were to quantify the extent to which genetic factors contributing to variation in personality dimensions are associated with genetic variation in the risk for AD and CD and to quantify the extent to which genetic factors contributing to variation in personality dimensions overlap with the genetic sources of covariation between AD and CD, we focused on the results of reduced models to simplify the presentation. For none of the five variables studied (AD, CD, PE, NE, and BU) did estimates of shared family environmental factors differ significantly from zero, whereas genetic influences were significant for all (see Heath, Bucholz, et al, 1997;Heath et al, 1994;Slutske et al, 1997). For example, when shared family environmental factors were included in models, they accounted for only 1.8% of the total variation, on average, in the personality dimensions (range = 00/0-12%).…”

“…We analyzed data obtained from a 1988 questionnaire survey (N = 6,327; 83% overall individual response rate; see Heath, Cloninger, & Martin, 1994, for details) and a 1992 telephone interview survey (N = 5,889; 86% overall individual response rate; see Heath, Bucholz, et al, 1997, for details). Mean ages at interview were 42.7 years for men (range = 28-89 years) and 44.8 years for women (range = 27-90 years; see Heath, Bucholz, et aI., 1997;Slutske et al, 1997;or Slutske et al, 1998, for further details about response rates, attrition, and the representativeness of the ATR sample).…”

Association of candidate genes with antisocial drug dependence in adolescents

“…The clinical diagnosis requires presence of 3 of 15 symptoms clustered in one year; symptoms include: frequently initiating fights, repeatedly lying, forcing sex, intentional fire-setting, etc. Slutske et al (1997) estimated CD's heritability at 71% in a national sample of almost 2700 twin pairs, with other estimates of CD heritability at 41% (Grove et al, 1990) and 58% (Button et al, 2006). Genome scans for quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing CD have suggested sites on Chromosome 19 and 2 (Dick et al, 2004), and on Chromosomes 3, 9, and 17 (Stallings et al, 2005).…”

Subtypes of Family History and Conduct Disorder Effects on P300 During the Stroop Test

“…Fergusson and Horwood 1995;Slutske et al 1997). As required by DSM-IIIR, a criterion item was counted only if the behavior occurred at or above the required frequency (typically on multiple occassions) over a period of 6 months.…”