Modeling chlordecone toxicokinetics data in growing pigs using a nonlinear mixed-effects approach

Development and Application of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for the Selective Extraction of Chlordecone from Bovine Serum

“…It has been shown that CLD is present in the plasma of contaminated mammals [6]. However, the maximum residual concentration of 20 µg kg −1 only applies to animals tissues intended for human consumption [6,8].…”

“…It has been shown that CLD is present in the plasma of contaminated mammals [6]. However, the maximum residual concentration of 20 µg kg −1 only applies to animals tissues intended for human consumption [6,8]. Given the objective of this study, which was to allow for a pre-slaughter control of bovine, the previously optimized procedure was thus applied to bovine serum spiked with CLD at a level of concentration set arbitrarily at 10 µg L −1 .…”

“…Even after 30 years, all environmental compartments in Martinique and Guadeloupe are largely contaminated, leading to the indirect contamination of locally reared animals (chickens, pigs, goats, and cattle) through unintentional soil ingestion [5]. It can be enzymatically metabolized in the livers of some mammals in chlordecol (CLD-OH) and eliminated through excretion in urine [1,6].…”

“…Regarding food safety and products of animal origin, market production is submitted to official controls: carcasses with a CLD concentration above 27 µg kg −1 (mitigation measure) in perirenal fat are guaranteed, in respect to the maximum reference level (MRL of 20 µg kg −1 [7]), to be removed from sale. Since correlations have been established between the CLD's concentration in perirenal fat and muscle (most consumed parts) or offals and serum [6,8], the question of pre-slaughter control of animals by monitoring CLD in relatively "non-invasive" biological fluids, such as serum, is raised. In the case of probable MRL violation, farm management could thus proceed to depuration under Separations 2021, 8, 237 2 of 13 controlled conditions or to change pasture area.…”

Use of Mixture Dosing and Nonlinear Mixed Effect Modeling of Eight Environmental Contaminants in Rabbits to Improve Extrapolation Value of Toxicokinetic Data

“…Our data analysis was based on using NLME modeling that has already been promoted for TK by other authors (Aarons and Graham 2001;Fourcot et al 2020) but rarely applied because of its relative complexity. Its main advantages are that it is able to handle sparse and unbalanced data and thereby preclude the risk of obtaining unrealistic estimates of certain parameters, as can happen with NCA when the data are not rich enough, are poorly distributed, and are thus unable to capture the shape of the disposition curve (Nguyen et al 2016) or are censored for experimental or analytical reasons (Hing et al 2001a).…”