“…Cardiac function emerges as a complex interplay between different physics — electrophysiology, mechanics, and hemodynamics. While accurate mechanistic computational models of each of these physical components exist and anatomically accurate multiphysics models of the heart, e.g., [ 6 , 50 , 80 ], are considered to be the state-of-the-art, they comprise a larger number of parameters, most of which cannot be observed in vivo or not at all. Thus, model parameters have to be inferred indirectly from clinical observable quantities which are, in general, afflicted with a significant degree of observational and residual uncertainties [ 52 , 51 ].…”