Modeling and Risk Analysis of Dam-Break Flooding in a Semi-Arid Montane Watershed: A Case Study of the Yabous Dam, Northeastern Algeria

Gaagai, Aissam; Aouissi, Hani Amir; Krauklis, Andrey E.; Burlakovs, Juris; Athamena, Ali; Zekker, Ivar; Boudoukha, Abderrahmane; Benaabidate, Lahcen; Chenchouni, Haroun

doi:10.3390/w14050767

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…As we know, large amounts of fertilizer, such as urea and commercial composite, have been applied for a long time, which are a major constituent resulting from the return flow from the development of irrigation. Under toxic conditions, the main component of fertilizers, NH4 + , is easily oxidized to NO3 − by the nitrification process [97], as reported in the equation (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the elements, which are in the solution, are informative on the nature of the aquifer crossed [8]. Nonetheless, quality, which is a combination of chemical, physical, and biological parameters, is a somewhat subjective term since its real value depends on the specifics of a particular use case [9]. Increasing the knowledge of the geochemical evolution of water in arid and semi-arid regions could improve the understanding of the hydrogeochemical systems in the water table, leading to the sustainable development of water resources and effective water management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemometrics of the Environment: Hydrochemical Characterization of Groundwater in Lioua plain (North Africa) using Time Series and Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Athamena¹,

Gaagai²,

Aouissi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Drinking water quality is a major concern, especially in African countries. This manuscript aims to analyze the chemical composition of Lioua’s groundwater in order to determine the geological processes influencing the chemical elements' composition and origin. Therefore, chemometrics techniques such as multivariate statistical analysis (MSA) and time series methods (TSM) are used. Indeed, MSA includes a component analysis (PCA) and a cluster analysis (CA), while au-tocorrelation analysis (AA) supplemented by simple spectral density analysis (SDA) is used for TMS. PCA displays three main factors explaining a total variance (TV) of 85.01 %. Factors 1, 2, and 3 are 68.72%, 11.96%, and 8.89 % of TV, respectively. In the CA, three groups were controlled by TDS and EC. G1 reveals a close association between SO42−, K+, Ca2+, and TDS; G2 reveals a close association between Na+, Cl−, Mg2+, and EC; G3 shows the dissociation of bicarbonates HCO3− and NO3− from other chemical elements. AA shows a linear interrelationship of EC, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, and SO42−. However, NO3− and HCO3− indicate uncorrelated characteristics with other parameters. For SDA, the correlograms of Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, and SO42− have a similar trend with EC. None-theless, pH, Ca2+, HCO3− and NO3− exhibit multiple peaks related to the presence of several dis-tinct cyclic mechanisms. The methods enabled the authors to conclude that the geochemical processes influencing the chemical composition are: (i) dissolution of evaporated mineral depos-its, (ii) water-rock interaction, and (iii) evaporation process. In addition, Groundwater exhibits two bipolar characteristics, one recorded with negative and positive charges on pH and Ca+ and another recorded only with negative charges on HCO3− and NO3−. On the other hand, SO42-, K+, Ca2+, and TDS are the major predominant elements in the groundwater’s chemical composition. The major participation of salts and chlorides is in the electrical conductivity of water. The dominance of the lithological factor in the overall mineralization of the Plio-Quaternary surface aquifer waters. The origins of HCO3− and NO3− are different. Indeed, carbonated for HCO3- has a carbonate origin, whereas NO3– has an anthropogenic origin. The salinity was affected by Mg2+, SO42-, Cl-, Na+, K+, and EC. Ca2+, HCO3− and NO3− are resulted from human activity fertilizers, the carbonate facies outcrops, and domestic sewage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemometrics of the Environment: Hydrochemical Characterization of Groundwater in Lioua plain (North Africa) using Time Series and Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Athamena¹,

Gaagai²,

Aouissi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…This fact is owing to the preponderance of evaporative and lagoon soils at different geological stages (Gaagai 2017;Gaagai et al 2017Gaagai et al , 2022. The gure may also indicate that the surface waters are heavily laden with mineral salts, with migration of the uids towards the sulphate pole.…”

Section: Iii11 Water Samples Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Stables Isotopes to the Study of the Groundwater Recharge in the Southern Foothills of the Saharan Atlas: The case of Tolga Region, North Eastern Algeria

Zouaoui

Menani

Gaagai

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Tolga groundwater is one of Biskra's most important water supplies for both drinking and agriculture. The purpose of this study is to assess the hydrochemical and isotope (2H and 18O) signature of water in the Tolga area. To evaluate the hydrogeology of groundwater in the Tolga region, a chemical, piezometric, and isotopic research was employed. The results of the Piper diagram revealed that there is just one major hydrochemical facies in the research region, which corresponds to Ca–Mg–Cl–SO4. The piezometry of limestone sheets shows that as one goes westward, the turns become less substantial, with turns about 20 meters and a piezometric level of 140 m. For the first time, the local meteoric water line (LMWL) was drawn for Complexe Teminal (CT) and Continental Intercalaire (CI) on Tolga groundwater. The Tolga area LMWL refers to the equation δ2H= 7,18 δ18O + 4.17 with R2 about 0.85. CI and CT measurement locations indicate deuterium excess values ranging from 8.35 to 12.57. Indeed, the majority of values were more than 10‰ (mean of 10.36 ± 2.01‰). Furthermore, waters from Eocene have an isotopic composition of -7.57 ± 0.68‰ in δ18O and − 49.04 ± 4.69‰ In δ2H. The results of the sample characterisation analysis show that the majority of the groundwater samples analysed are of the Ca-Mg-SO4 water type. In addition, the intense exploitation aquifer water and the region's arid climatic conditions resulted in a large decrease in the piezometric limestone level. Finely, the signature of 2H and 18O data indicate that water comes from local precipitation and recent water, and groundwater recharge is influenced by quick infiltration.

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“…The above discussion has the breach of Manggarai Gate is a high potential flood hazard scenario that should be encountered in improving flood risk reduction programs in the study area. A good enough prediction of flood propagation generated by dam break or gate breach has been discussed by several previous studies based on the physical model and or mathematical model [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on those studies, it is seen that there are several possible breach mechanisms of Manggarai Gate. However, the discussion of this paper focused on toping cases only [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. This over-toping flow condition may occur due to the influence of the Solid Waste Blockages and or sedimentation on the upper part of the Manggarai gate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Flood Hazards Due to the Breach of the Manggarai Flood Gate

Kesuma¹

2022

GEOMATE

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Central Jakarta is developed on a natural flood plain with a long history of flooding that leads to a series of flood control systems with Manggarai Gate at its center. Nowadays, as a regulator gate, Manggarai Gate is still good enough to control flood hazards in Central Jakarta. However, after operating for more than 100 years, it is necessary to measure the influence of increasing seismic activity, maximum rainfall, sedimentation rate, and solid waste problems on the potential of the Manggarai Gate breach. This study was made to identify flood hazards generated by the Manggarai Gate breach. An overtopping flow generated by excessive runoff is encountered as the gate breach mechanism. A mathematical model using HEC RAS to predict flood inundation due to the breach of Manggarai Gate in that area is presented in this paper. Due to the gate breach, the flood propagation was calibrated upon field observation data. The simulations were done for Q100 (692.6 m 3 /s) with no breach mechanism; and Q100 with a breach mechanism. Based on that flood simulation, it is found that the flood inundated area for the gate breach scheme is approximately 259% compared to the scheme with no gate breach. Meanwhile, the hazard index for the gate breach scheme becomes 225% for the low level, 249% for the medium level, and 276% for the high level. Further study is needed to identify a proper measure to minimize gate breach-induced flood hazards.

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Modeling and Risk Analysis of Dam-Break Flooding in a Semi-Arid Montane Watershed: A Case Study of the Yabous Dam, Northeastern Algeria

Cited by 32 publications

References 80 publications

Chemometrics of the Environment: Hydrochemical Characterization of Groundwater in Lioua plain (North Africa) using Time Series and Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Chemometrics of the Environment: Hydrochemical Characterization of Groundwater in Lioua plain (North Africa) using Time Series and Multivariate Statistical Analysis

Contribution of Stables Isotopes to the Study of the Groundwater Recharge in the Southern Foothills of the Saharan Atlas: The case of Tolga Region, North Eastern Algeria

An Assessment of Flood Hazards Due to the Breach of the Manggarai Flood Gate

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