Modeling and optimization of a solar driven membrane distillation desalination system

Chang, Hsuan; Wang, Gow-Bin; Chen, Yih-Hang; Li, Chien-Chang; Chang, Cheng‐Liang

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2010.04.020

Cited by 88 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…To meet the requirement of commercial applications, other configurations with large specific areas were also developed, i.e., spiral-wound modules mainly employed for air/permeate gap membrane distillation [40,42,43] have a much more compact structure than the conventional plate and frame AGMD.…”

Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination and Purification Applications

Camacho

Dumée

Zhang

et al. 2013

Water

593

339

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Membrane distillation is a process that utilizes differences in vapor pressure to permeate water through a macro-porous membrane and reject other non-volatile constituents present in the influent water. This review considers the fundamental heat and mass transfer processes in membrane distillation, recent advances in membrane technology, module configurations, and the applications and economics of membrane distillation, and identifies areas that may lead to technological improvements in membrane distillation as well as the application characteristics required for commercial deployment. Keywordsa function of temperature, vapor pressure, and of the gas molecular mass K 0 membrane characteristic defined by Equation (9) Kn Knudsen number K(T) a function of temperature and molecular weight of the gas l mean free path of the molecules l m distance between parallel spacer fibres (m) LEP Limit Entry Pressure (kPa) M molecular mass (g/mol) M w molecular weights of water (g/mol) M a molecular weights of air (g/mol) n number of CNTs per unit cross section in bucky-paper P pressure in the air gap (kPa) half time to reach the maximum intensity-laser flash technique (s) t proportion of conductive heat (balance due to evaporative heat) loss through the membrane T mean temperature in the pores (K)

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Section: (A) (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major components of a solar MD system are a solar collector, heat storage tank, heat exchanger, and MD module [43]. One of the reasons of interest for coupling MD with solar energy collectors is the ability for MD to tolerate fluctuating and intermittent operating conditions and to operate with low grade thermal energy [159].…”

Section: Md-solar Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination and Purification Applications

Camacho

Dumée

Zhang

et al. 2013

Water

593

339

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As suggested in Gil et al (2015a,b,c), specific control systems can be used to maintain the main variables of SMD facilities 30 near steady state conditions. From this automatic control point of view, two interesting control approaches are described in Chang et al (2010Chang et al ( , 2012, where a control system formed by conventional Proportional Integral (PI) controllers is employed in order to track optimal operating conditions calculated by means of an offline optimization study focused on maximizing the distillate produc-35 tion. This control system was tested in simulation, obtaining results near the optimum only for clear sky operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal operation of a Solar Membrane Distillation pilot plant via Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

Gil

Roca

Ruiz-Aguirre

et al. 2018

Computers & Chemical Engineering

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Solar Membrane Distillation (SMD) is an under-investigation desalination process suitable for developing self-sufficient small scale applications. The use of solar energy considerably reduces the operating costs, however, its intermittent nature requires a non-stationary optimal operation that can be achieved by means of advanced control strategies. In this paper, a hierarchical control system composed by two layers is used for optimizing the operation of a SMD pilot plant, in terms of thermal efficiency, distillate production and cost savings. The upper layer is formed by a Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) scheme, that allows us to obtain the optimal operation by optimizing the solar energy use. The lower layer includes a direct control system, in charge of attaining the variable references provided by the upper layer. Simulation and experimental tests are included and commented in order to demonstrate the benefits of the developed control system.

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“…In (Chang et al, 2010), a control system based on ON/OFF controllers is proposed to attain the optimal operation points calculated by means of an offline optimization technique. This control approach was tested in simulation in a nonlinear dynamic SMD model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multivariable Controller for the Start-up Procedure of a Solar Membrane Distillation Facility

et al. 2018

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This paper presents a multivariable TITO (two inputs two ouputs) controller aimed to improve the start-up procedure of a Solar Membrane Distillation (SMD) facility, located at Plataforma Solar de Almería (PSA). The control structure includes PID controllers and decouplers, as well as a reference governor based on a real time optimizer. The filtered Smith Predictor (SP) control structure has been used for controlling one of the output variables, whereas a cascade control scheme is employed to control the other one. The proposed approach has been tested in simulation on a nonlinear model of the SMD facility, showing promising results.

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Modeling and optimization of a solar driven membrane distillation desalination system

Cited by 88 publications

References 15 publications

Advances in Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination and Purification Applications

Advances in Membrane Distillation for Water Desalination and Purification Applications

Optimal operation of a Solar Membrane Distillation pilot plant via Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

A Multivariable Controller for the Start-up Procedure of a Solar Membrane Distillation Facility

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