Abstract:Ce travail est une contribution au développement d'un modèle d'aéroélasticité non linéaire, destiné à la prédiction de comportement de surfaces souples de faible épaisseur, soumises à un écoulement de fluide parfait. Ce modèle d'interaction fluide-structure intègre un calcul de structure basé sur un modèle de membrane à un calcul fluide tridimensionnel instationnaire, basé sur une méthode de singularités associée à une méthode particulaire. Les résultats sur un gréement de J80 sont comparés à des essais in sit… Show more
“…In 2002, the company K-Epsilon developed and coupled the structural code ARA with the aerodynamic code AVANTI (Unsteady Vortex Lattice Method software) [6,7,8]. The less CPU time of the UVLM software has enabled us to develop and validate specific algorithms for FSI on membrain (software ARAVANTI).…”
Modelling the wind, sail and rig interactions on a sailing yacht is a complex subject, because the quality of simulation depends on the accuracy of both structural and fluid simulations which strongly interact. Moreover, the sails are submitted to highly unsteady sollicitations due to waves, wind variations, course changes or trimming for example, but sometimes also due to the unsteadiness of the flow itself (vortex shedding,…). The problem for downwind sails is even more complex because the flow is often detached from the sails, and the sails are subject to large shape changes. A specific dynamic coupling has been developed between a RANSE code from Ecole Centrale de Nantes for the aerodynamics (ISIS-CFD) and a FEM code from K-Epsilon for the structure (ARA) specialized to simulate the aeroelastic problem of yacht sails and rig. In this paper, the particular issues of coupling, remeshing and transfer of forces from one code to the other are detailed. An experimental comparison is made on a well controlled test case with an original experiment developed by IRENav Ecole Navale, consisting in a square of spinnaker fabric mounted on two carbon battens which are moved in a forced oscillation. The good agreement of numerical results with experimentals results permits to be confident to go ahead and investigate a full example of application on a racing yacht spinnaker.
“…In 2002, the company K-Epsilon developed and coupled the structural code ARA with the aerodynamic code AVANTI (Unsteady Vortex Lattice Method software) [6,7,8]. The less CPU time of the UVLM software has enabled us to develop and validate specific algorithms for FSI on membrain (software ARAVANTI).…”
Modelling the wind, sail and rig interactions on a sailing yacht is a complex subject, because the quality of simulation depends on the accuracy of both structural and fluid simulations which strongly interact. Moreover, the sails are submitted to highly unsteady sollicitations due to waves, wind variations, course changes or trimming for example, but sometimes also due to the unsteadiness of the flow itself (vortex shedding,…). The problem for downwind sails is even more complex because the flow is often detached from the sails, and the sails are subject to large shape changes. A specific dynamic coupling has been developed between a RANSE code from Ecole Centrale de Nantes for the aerodynamics (ISIS-CFD) and a FEM code from K-Epsilon for the structure (ARA) specialized to simulate the aeroelastic problem of yacht sails and rig. In this paper, the particular issues of coupling, remeshing and transfer of forces from one code to the other are detailed. An experimental comparison is made on a well controlled test case with an original experiment developed by IRENav Ecole Navale, consisting in a square of spinnaker fabric mounted on two carbon battens which are moved in a forced oscillation. The good agreement of numerical results with experimentals results permits to be confident to go ahead and investigate a full example of application on a racing yacht spinnaker.
A numerical investigation of the dynamic Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) of a yacht sail plan submitted to harmonic pitching is presented to address both issues of aerodynamic unsteadiness and structural deformation.The FSI model -Vortex Lattice Method fluid model and Finite Element structure model -has been validated with full-scale measurements. It is shown that the dynamic behaviour of a sail plan subject to yacht motion clearly deviates from the quasi-steady theory. The aerodynamic forces presented as a function of the instantaneous apparent wind angle show hysteresis loops, suggesting that some energy is exchanged by the system. The area included in the hysteresis loop increases with the motion reduced frequency and amplitude. Comparison of rigid versus soft structures shows that FSI increases the energy exchanged by the system and that the oscillations of aerodynamic forces are underestimated when the structure deformation is not considered. Dynamic loads in the fore and aft rigging wires are dominated by structural and inertial effects. This FSI model and the obtained
A numerical investigation of the dynamic Fluid Structure Interaction (FSI) of a yacht sail plan submitted to harmonic pitching is presented to analyse the system's dynamic behaviour and the effects of motion simplifications and rigging adjustments on aerodynamic forces. It is shown that the dynamic behaviour of a sail plan subject to yacht motion clearly deviates from the quasi-steady theory. The aerodynamic forces presented as a function of the instantaneous apparent wind angle show hysteresis loops. It is shown that the hysteresis phenomenon dissipates some energy and that the dissipated energy increases strongly with the pitching reduced frequency and amplitude. The effect of reducing the real pitching motion to a simpler surge motion is investigated. Results show significant discrepancies with underestimated aerodynamic forces and no more hysteresis when a surge motion is considered. However, the superposition assumption consisting in a decomposition of the surge into two translations normal and collinear to the apparent wind is
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