Model of Catalytic Cracking Conversion in Fixed, Moving, and Fluid-Bed Reactors

Weekman, Vern W.

doi:10.1021/i260025a018

Cited by 229 publications

(149 citation statements)

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“…Weekman and Nace [1] developed a first kinetic scheme of catalytic cracking and considered only two lumps; feed and products, which accounted for conversion and gasoline yield in isothermal fixed, moving, and fluid bed reactors. Weekman [2] again developed a model to describe the feed and product yield distribution in terms of three lumped components: the gas oil, the gasoline and the remaining C 4 s, dry gas and coke.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Sensitivity Studies in a Commercial FCC Unit

Dasila¹,

Choudhury²,

Saraf³

et al. 2012

ACES

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A steady state model was developed for simulating the performance of an industrial fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit which was subsequently used in parametric sensitivity studies. The simulator includes kinetic models for the riser reactor and the regeneration systems. Mass and energy balances were performed for each of these sections and simulation results were compared with the plant data available in the literature. Model predictions were found to be in close agreement with the reported data. Finally this validated model was used for studying the effects of independent variables such as feed preheat temperature (T feed ) and feed flow rate (F feed ) on the unit performance at either fixed regenerated catalyst temp/regenerator temp (T rgn ) or constant reactor outlet temperature (ROT). The catalyst circulation rate (CCR) was automatically adjusted to keep the ROT constant with varying the independent variables feed preheat temperature while the air rate adjusted for keeping the regenerator temperature constant which consequences the dependency of both dependent and independent variables on the unit performance. The air flow rate to the regenerator was also an independent variable during the parametric sensitivity analysis and its effect on FCC performance was investigated at constant T feed , F feed and CCR. Combining all the sensitivity analysis, it has been found to increase gas oil conversion and product yields by 5 to 6 percent with decrease of say, 10 K, in the feed preheat temperature (T feed ) and corresponding increase in air rate (F air ) and catalyst circulation rate (F rgc ) at constant reactor outlet temperature (ROT) and regenerated catalyst temperature (T rgc ).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric Sensitivity Studies in a Commercial FCC Unit

Dasila¹,

Choudhury²,

Saraf³

et al. 2012

ACES

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“…In the first kinetic model (3-lump), proposed by Weekman (1968), reactants and products were lumped into three major groups: Gas oil, gasoline and light gas plus coke. Lee et al (1988); Lee et al (1989) took one step forward by dividing the light gas plus coke lump into two different lumps C 1 -C 4 gas and coke, developing the first 4-lump models for fluid catalytic cracking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Seven-Lump Kinetic Model in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Heydari¹

2010

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement:The effective simulation of the Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) operation requires a good understanding of many factors such as, reaction kinetic, fluid dynamics and feed and catalyst effects. Approach: In this model the reactor has been considered as an isothermal riser. The reactions in the riser occur with the fluid and the solids in ideal plug flow. Because of complication of the catalytic cracking mechanism and existence of multi-components in the feed, to decrease the calculation content in the kinetic models, the reactants and products have been considered as a set of hydrocarbons, so these models are called "Lumped Models". Results: To simulate the FCC riser, the seven-lump model involved residual oil, heavy lump, light lump, liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, dry gas and coke (to predict the feed conversion and the product distribution) has been developed. Conclusion: Simulation studies are performed to investigate the effect of changing various process variables, such as temperature and residence time. Comparison of simulation results with industrial ones shows that the simulation has been achieved accurately.

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“…The deactivation of catalyst due to coke deposition has been the subject of many research work. In this study, the deactivation kinetic model due to Weekman (1968) is chosen because of its implicity, popularity in FCC modeling and abundance of data available in the literature. In this scheme, the decay of the catalyst activity due to coke deposition is represented by a function, φ R , which depends on the temperature and catalyst residence time, t c :…”

Section: Fig 1: Schematic Diagram Of Catalytic Cracking Unitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of lumps of the proposed models for catalytic cracking reactions has been consecutively increasing to obtain a more detailed prediction of product distribution (Bollas et al, 2007). In the first kinetic model (3-lump), proposed by Weekman (1968), reactants and products were lumped into three major groups: Gas oil, gasoline and light gas plus coke. Lee et al (1989b) and Lee et al (1989a) took one step forward by dividing the light gas plus coke lump into two different lumps C 1 -C 4 gas and coke, developing the first 4-lump models for fluid catalytic cracking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dupain et al (2006) simplified the 5-lump model of Corella and Frances (1991) for the specific case of the catalytic cracking of aromatic gas oil, by reducing the reactions involved in the lumping scheme. Another 5-lump model was developed by Kraemer et al (1991) in which the 3-lump model of Weekman (1968) was modified by splitting the gas oil lump into aromatic, paraffinic and naphthtenic lumps. Ancheyta-Juarez et al (1999) followed a different approach in their 5-lump models development, in which they considered the gas oil as one lump, but divided the gas lump into two lumps (liquefied product gas and dry gas).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling of an Industrial Riser in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Heydari¹

2010

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: The aim of this study is to obtain a model that can simulate the performance of an industrial fluid catalytic cracking unit in steady state. Approach: The reactions in the riser occur in a transported bed with the fluid and the solids in ideal plug flow. One of the main advantages of the model is that it does not include any partial differential equations. This facilitates the solution of the equations and makes the model particularly suitable for control studies. Results: To simulate the FCC riser, the four-lump model involved gas oil, gasoline, light gas and coke (to predict the Gas oil conversion and the product distribution) has been developed. Conclusion: Simulation studies are performed to investigate the effect of changing various process variables, such as temperature, catalyst circulation rate and gasoil feed rate. The calculated data of the product distribution were agreed well with the experimental results.

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Model of Catalytic Cracking Conversion in Fixed, Moving, and Fluid-Bed Reactors

Cited by 229 publications

References 4 publications

Parametric Sensitivity Studies in a Commercial FCC Unit

Parametric Sensitivity Studies in a Commercial FCC Unit

Study of Seven-Lump Kinetic Model in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

Modeling of an Industrial Riser in the Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit

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