Model evaluation of plant metal content and biomass yield for the phytoextraction of heavy metals by switchgrass

Chen, Bo-Ching; Lai, Hung-Yu; Juang, Kai‐Wei

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.04.011

Cited by 72 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Although other models obviate many of the fundamental processes of metal uptake, some mathematical models are useful for providing information important to the planning and implementation of phytoremediation tasks at the industrial level and for assessing the potential of the plant species used, including economic aspects, for example, the cost and number of harvest cycles that would be needed to reduce the con-centration of a metal in the soil to an optimum (Thomas et al 2005), the identification of the time and concentration conditions for phytoextraction purposes (Gonnelli et al 2000), the number of years for the decontamination of each metal in a multi-contaminated soil (Jankaite 2009), and the maximum metal content in the biomass yield (Chen et al 2012). …”

Section: Predictive Models Of Optimal Metal Removal Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

et al. 2014

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IntroductionPhytoextraction is a process which can remove the soluble (bioavailable) metal pool from soil or aqueous solutions using different kinds of terrestrial or aquatic plants. This transport may be divided into three different steps: (1) absorption from the solution (e.g., soil solution), (2) transport to the root xylem, and (3) transport to the shoots (Mench et al. 2009).A modern approach, how to evaluate the extraction potential of selected plants as well as how to plan and design the most effective metal phytoextraction, is the ability to relevantly model this process. There are many studies aimed at the modeling of metal transport. Nevertheless, there is a limited amount of present studies, which are focused on the modeling of the phytoremediation process. In general, developing an applicable model requires sufficient conceptual model description and a fundamental theoretical understanding of the studied system, as well as its experimental equipment and measurement; these are all crucial aspects required to create a relevant simulation of studied problem. This chapter attempts to describe the problems associated with metal phytoextraction modeling. The term "root metal uptake" is crucial for the simulation of phytoremediation of metals, which is a concrete modification of the general term "root uptake." Root uptake is one of the most important processes considered in numerical models because root surfaces represent the first-phase boundaries in nature for nutrients and toxic elements. In order to efficiently model the phytoextraction processes, it is essential to provide information about (1) the spatiotemporal concentration changes of metals in the root-influenced soil and (2) the cumulative uptake of metals per unit length of root over time (Darrah et al. 2006). Root UptakeDetermining water and metal uptake by plant roots and their subsequent translocation into the tissues of the aerial parts is obviously critical for assessing the modeling of phytoremediation options. Because metals are taken up by plants dissolved in water, it is crucial to have information about the transport of water and the hydraulic properties of the roots. Root Water UptakeWater is primarily absorbed by the root hairs and other root zones and then transported to the aerial parts in xylem tissues. Water absorption by the plants is mainly a response to the water potential gradient (from low to high energy) from the rhizosphere to the xylem of the roots. Soil water has a lower total solute concentration than plant water, and hence the osmotic gradient tends to drive water from the soil into the root. The rate of water uptake from the soil depends on rooting density, the hydraulic conductivity of the roots, and the difference between average soil-water suction and root suction. The root hydraulic conductivity is a measure of the amount of water transported by the root in an interval of time at a determinate pressure [mg g et al. 1987). It depends on osmotic potential gradients which result from differences in the composition and t...

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Section: Predictive Models Of Optimal Metal Removal Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

et al. 2014

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“…The results showed that the Cd concentrations in shoots were 8.62 lg g À1 for 'Alamo', 8.38 lg g À1 for 'Cave-in-Rock' under 10 lmol L À1 CdCl 2 condition (Figure 2c). Chen et al (2012) reported that it was practicable to use switchgrass for phytoextraction of Cr and zinc (Zn) in situ based on hydroponic culture because of the well-known agronomic characteristics and high biomass of the plant. The minimum concentration in the shoots of Cd hyperaccumulator was 100 lg g À1 (Wei et al 2012), thus two tested cultivars of switchgrass could not be considered as Cd hyperaccumulators, but they may act as Cd-accumulators because of large Cd accumulation in root, especially in roots of 'Cave-in-Rock', in which over 440 lg g À1 Cd was accumulated ( Figure 2a).…”

Section: Effects Of CD Treatment On Cd Accumulation and Translocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morph‐physiological responses of two switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) cultivars to cadmium stress

et al. 2016

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Two cultivars of switchgrass, ‘Alamo’ (lowland type) and ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ (upland type), were used to examine the morph‐physiological responses of plants to different cadmium (Cd) levels under hydroponic condition treated with 0, 10, 20 and 40 μmol L−1 CdCl2 for 2 weeks. The main results showed that both seedlings of ‘Alamo’ and ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ can survive even in 40 μmol L−1 CdCl2 treatment. However, the growth of the two cultivars was significantly (at least P < 0.05) inhibited by Cd stress. The plant biomass, water content, photosynthetic pigments content, total root length (RL), root surface area (RA), root volume (RV) and number of root tips of two tested cultivars were significantly decreased after treatment with Cd. ‘Alamo’ showed higher capability of Cd translocation from root to shoot than ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’, but ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ had higher capability of Cd uptake and accumulation than ‘Alamo’. ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ accumulated higher Cd in root than ‘Alamo’, the root average diameter, RL, RA and RV at the root segment in 0.3–0.9 mm diameter in ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ were dramatically higher than those of ‘Alamo’, which indicates that a well‐developed root system may contribute to higher Cd accumulation in ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’. Above all, both ‘Alamo’ and ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ could be cultivated in Cd polluted area. At the same time, they have bioremediation function, especially, this function of seedling in ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ should be greater than ‘Alamo’, since the amount of Cd absorption and accumulation in ‘Cave‐in‐Rock’ was significant higher than ‘Alamo’.

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“…These two elements deactivated enzymes linked to the synthesis or restitution of GSH, which is considered the most active non-enzymatic antioxidant in plants exposed to metals, decreasing biomass production by plants (NOCTOR et al, 2011). Exposure of some genera of forage grasses to Cd and As caused reductions in dry mass production of over 80% (SOLEIMANI et al, 2010;CHEN et al, 2012;PIRES et al, 2013;ZHANG et al, 2014a). These metals also deactivate enzymes bound to the synthesis or restoration of GSH, but for some plants groups this occurs less effectively compared with Cr and Pb (NOCTOR et al, 2011).…”

Section: Effect Of Heavy Metals On Biomass Production and Implicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, the use of forage grasses for phytoremediation 3 of heavy metals has increased considerably in recent years, as these plants show rapid growth, an extensive root system (which increases the uptake of heavy metals), and elevated dry mass production (CHEN et al, 2012;GILABEL et al, 2014;LAMBRECHTS et al, 2014). However, few studies with these plants have reported the effect of heavy metals on the uptake of micronutrients and on the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant system, which are essential processes for the growth of plants, especially in contaminated environments (KOPITTKE et al, 2010a;LI et al, 2012).…”

Section: Soil Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Changes caused by heavy metals in micronutrient content and antioxidant system of forage grasses used for phytoremediation: an overview

Rabêlo

Borgo

2016

Cienc. Rural

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An increase in the content of heavy metals in the environment causes many socio-environmental problems, and phytoremediation is a tool to reduce the environmental impact caused by these elements, with prospects for the use of forage grasses. This group of plants features characteristics for the environment-decontamination process, but further studies are necessary about the damages caused by heavy metals on the uptake of cationic micronutrients and on the antioxidant system, which are essential processes for the growth of plants in contaminated sites. Exposure of forage grasses to heavy metals results in a lower content of Mn in the shoots of almost all plants, but the contents of Cu, Fe, and Zn vary according to heavy metal and forage grass. Activities of enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) usually increase to reduce the oxidative stress induced by heavy metals, but when the content of any of these metals is high, enzymatic activity is decreased. Scale of toxicity of heavy metals to forage grasses can be described as: Pb ≈ Cr > Cd ≈ As > Zn ≈ Cu ≈ Ni > Mn.

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Model evaluation of plant metal content and biomass yield for the phytoextraction of heavy metals by switchgrass

Cited by 72 publications

References 44 publications

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

Morph‐physiological responses of two switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) cultivars to cadmium stress

Changes caused by heavy metals in micronutrient content and antioxidant system of forage grasses used for phytoremediation: an overview

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