Model estimates of net primary productivity, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency in the terrestrial ecosystems of the southern United States during 1895–2007

Tian, Hanqin; Chen, Guangsheng; Liu, Mingliang; Zhang, Chi; Sun, Ge; Lü, Chaoqun; Xu, Xiaofeng; Ren, Wei; Pan, Shufen; Chappelka, Arthur H.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.009

Cited by 328 publications

(312 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…It includes five core components: (1) biophysics, (2) plant physiology, (3) soil biogeochemistry, (4) dynamic vegetation, and (5) disturbance, land use, and management [Tian et al, 2010a]. Briefly, the biophysics component simulates instantaneous fluxes of energy, water, and momentum within land ecosystems and their exchanges with the surrounding environment.…”

Section: Model and Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term trends in evapotranspiration and runoff over the drainage basins of the Gulf of Mexico during 1901–2008

Liu

Tian

Yang

et al. 2013

Water Resources Research

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[1] The Gulf of Mexico (GOM) is facing large pressures from environmental changes since the beginning of the last century. However, the magnitude and long-term trend of total water discharge to the GOM and the underlying processes are not well understood. In this study, the dynamic land ecosystem model (DLEM) has been improved and applied to investigate spatial and temporal variations of evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff (R) over drainage basins of the GOM during 1901-2008. Modeled ET and discharge were evaluated against upscaled data sets and gauge observations. Simulated results demonstrated a significant decrease in ET at a rate of 15 mm yr À1 century À1 and an insignificant trend in runoff/precipitation (R/P) and river discharge over the whole region during 1901-2008. However, the trends in estimated water fluxes show substantial spatial and temporal heterogeneities across the study region. Generally, in the west arid area, ET, R, and R/P decreased; while they increased in the eastern part of the study area during the last 108 years. In the recent 30 years, this region experienced a substantial decrease in R. Factorial simulation experiments indicate that climate change, particularly P, was the dominant factor controlling interannual variations of ET and R; while land use change had the same magnitude of effects on long-term trends in water fluxes as climate change did. To eliminate modeling uncertainties, high-resolution historical meteorological data sets and model parameterizations on anthropogenic effects, such as water use and dam constructions, should be developed.

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Section: Model and Improvementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term trends in evapotranspiration and runoff over the drainage basins of the Gulf of Mexico during 1901–2008

Liu

Tian

Yang

et al. 2013

Water Resources Research

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111

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“…Across the globe, forest evapotranspiration rates range from 400 to 3000 mm per year (Table II). This extremely wide variation in ET reflects differences in climatic, ecosystem types and species composition, land use, and management regimes that affect canopy interception and plant transpiration (Sun et al, 2010). Forest evapotranspiration reduces the amount of baseflow relative to land uses with lower amounts of evapotranspiration (e.g.…”

Section: Regulating Streamflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complexity of ecohydrologic processes, the large number of factors that drive these processes, and multiple scales necessitate a ecosystem-based modeling approach (Hanson et al, 2004;Sun et al, 2008;Tian et al, 2010). However, model development and applications are often challenged by our understanding of the processes and data availability.…”

Section: Developing Integrated Models That Capitalize On Long-term Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multi-tiered watershed data also provide the basis for validating with-in basin hydrologic conditions and the interaction between water and other biogeochemical processes such as carbon cycles. Remote sensing and GIS technology, when integrated with simulation models, can be a powerful tool to quantify large-scale ecosystem processes including ET , carbon balances (Zhao et al, 2005;Xiao et al, 2008), and water use efficiency studies (Tian et al, 2010). Thanks to the advances of remote sensing technology and large number of in situ environmental monitoring networks such as the FLUXNET, geospatial data are increasingly available for ecohydrological model testing and validation at a regional scale.…”

Section: Developing Integrated Models That Capitalize On Long-term Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forest ecohydrological research in the 21st century: what are the critical needs?

et al. 2011

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Modern ecohydrologic science will be critical for providing the best information to policy makers and society to address water resource challenges in the 21st century. Implicitly, ecohydrology involves understanding both the functional interactions among vegetation, soils, and hydrologic processes at multiple scales and the linkages among upland, riparian, and aquatic components. In this paper, we review historical and contemporary ecohydrologic science, focusing on watershed structure and function and the threats to watershed structure and function. Climate change, land use change, and invasive species are among the most critical contemporary issues that affect water quantity and quality, and a mechanistic understanding of watershed ecosystem structure and function is required to understand their impacts on water quantity and quality. Economic and social values of ecosystem services such as water supply from forested watersheds must be quantified in future research, as land use decisions that impact ecohydrologic function are driven by the interplay among economic, social, political, and biological constraints. Future forest ecohydrological research should focus on: (1) understanding watershed responses to climate change and variability, (2) understanding watershed responses to losses of native species or additions of non-native species, (3) developing integrated models that capitalize on long-term data, (4) linking ecohydrologic processes across scales, and (5) managing forested watersheds to adapt to climate change. We stress that this new ecohydrology research must also be integrated with socio-economic disciplines. Published in 2011. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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“…The DLEM operates at a daily time step and at varied spatial resolutions, from meters to kilometers, from regional to global. The detailed information for DLEM has been described in our previous publications Ren et al, 2007Ren et al, , 2011aZhang et al, 2007a;Tian et al, 2010aTian et al, , b, 2011aXu et al, 2010;Lu et al, 2012), and the N 2 O module has been described in detail in Tian et al (2010b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Multifactor controls on terrestrial N<sub>2</sub>O flux over North America from 1979 through 2010

Tian

Chen

et al. 2012

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas which also contributes to the depletion of stratospheric ozone (O3). However, the magnitude and underlying mechanisms for the spatiotemporal variations in the terrestrial sources of N2O are still far from certain. Using a process-based ecosystem model (DLEM – the Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model) driven by multiple global change factors, including climate variability, nitrogen (N) deposition, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), tropospheric O3 pollution, N fertilizer application, and land conversion, this study examined the spatial and temporal variations in terrestrial N2O flux over North America and further attributed these variations to various driving factors. From 1979 to 2010, the North America cumulatively emitted 53.9 ± 0.9 Tg N2O-N (1 Tg = 1012 g), of which global change factors contributed 2.4 ± 0.9 Tg N2O-N, and baseline emission contributed 51.5 ± 0.6 Tg N2O-N. Climate variability, N deposition, O3 pollution, N fertilizer application, and land conversion increased N2O emission while the elevated atmospheric CO2 posed opposite effect at continental level; the interactive effect among multiple factors enhanced N2O emission over the past 32 yr. N input, including N fertilizer application in cropland and N deposition, and multi-factor interaction dominated the increases in N2O emission at continental level. At country level, N fertilizer application and multi-factor interaction made large contribution to N2O emission increase in the United States of America (USA). The climate variability dominated the increase in N2O emission from Canada. N inputs and multiple factors interaction made large contribution to the increases in N2O emission from Mexico. Central and southeastern parts of the North America – including central Canada, central USA, southeastern USA, and all of Mexico – experienced increases in N2O emission from 1979 to 2010. The fact that climate variability and multi-factor interaction largely controlled the inter-annual variations in terrestrial N2O emission at both continental and country levels indicate that projected changes in the global climate system may substantially alter the regime of N2O emission from terrestrial ecosystems during the 21st century. Our study also showed that the interactive effect among global change factors may significantly affect N2O flux, and more field experiments involving multiple factors are urgently needed.

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Model estimates of net primary productivity, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency in the terrestrial ecosystems of the southern United States during 1895–2007

Cited by 328 publications

References 69 publications

Long‐term trends in evapotranspiration and runoff over the drainage basins of the Gulf of Mexico during 1901–2008

Long‐term trends in evapotranspiration and runoff over the drainage basins of the Gulf of Mexico during 1901–2008

Forest ecohydrological research in the 21st century: what are the critical needs?

Multifactor controls on terrestrial N<sub>2</sub>O flux over North America from 1979 through 2010

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Model estimates of net primary productivity, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency in the terrestrial ecosystems of the southern United States during 1895–2007

Cited by 328 publications

References 69 publications

Long‐term trends in evapotranspiration and runoff over the drainage basins of the Gulf of Mexico during 1901–2008

Long‐term trends in evapotranspiration and runoff over the drainage basins of the Gulf of Mexico during 1901–2008

Forest ecohydrological research in the 21st century: what are the critical needs?

Multifactor controls on terrestrial N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O flux over North America from 1979 through 2010

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Resources

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Multifactor controls on terrestrial N<sub>2</sub>O flux over North America from 1979 through 2010