Mode transformer for miniaturized optical circuits

Lee, Kevin K.; Lim, Desmond R.; Pan, Dong; Hoepfner, Christian; Oh, Wang‐Yuhl; Wada, Kazumi; Kimerling, Lionel C.; Yap, K.P.

doi:10.1364/ol.30.000498

Cited by 49 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The tight bends result in extremely compact optical components and hence flexible circuit design, which are crucial for very large-scale photonic integration. Due to the high index contrast, silicon waveguides can also expand the mode sizes to a few microns to match the mode of optical fibers by shrinking the core size, usually called inverse tapers [3][4][5]. Compact grating structures which can efficiently couple the light between silicon waveguide guiding modes to out-of-plane fiber modes, are also enabled by the high index contrast [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon photonic devices and integrated circuits

Dong¹,

Chen²,

et al. 2014

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Silicon photonic devices and integrated circuits have undergone rapid and significant progresses during the last decade, transitioning from research topics in universities to product development in corporations. Silicon photonics is anticipated to be a disruptive optical technology for data communications, with applications such as intra-chip interconnects, short-reach communications in datacenters and supercomputers, and long-haul optical transmissions. Bell Labs, as the research organization of Alcatel-Lucent, a network system vendor, has an optimal position to identify the full potential of silicon photonics both in the applications and in its technical merits. Additionally it has demonstrated novel and improved high-performance optical devices, and implemented multi-function photonic integrated circuits to fulfill various communication applications. In this paper, we review our silicon photonic programs and main achievements during recent years. For devices, we review highperformance single-drive push-pull silicon Mach-Zehnder modulators, hybrid silicon/III-V lasers and silicon nitrideassisted polarization rotators. For photonic circuits, we review silicon/silicon nitride integration platforms to implement wavelength-division multiplexing receivers and transmitters. In addition, we show silicon photonic circuits are well suited for dual-polarization optical coherent transmitters and receivers, geared for advanced modulation formats. We also discuss various applications in the field of communication which may benefit from implementation in silicon photonics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon photonic devices and integrated circuits

Dong¹,

Chen²,

et al. 2014

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“…Coupling light in and out of SP integrated circuitry is perhaps one of the biggest practical challenges facing SPs, and it is partly alleviated by mode converters such as grating couplers, 1 subwavelength grating waveguides 2, 3 or tapers. [4][5][6] Figure 1(a) depicts how a taper can be used as a mode converter. Here the width of highly confined the single mode waveguide, the 450 nm wide by 220 nm high waveguide, is reduced to a smaller waveguide, 155x220 nm; through this process the mode's electric field distribution is expanded to the extent that it well matches the delocalized mode of an optical fiber; thus increasing the coupling efficiency between the fiber and the taper's tip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D constant-loss taper for mode conversion

2015

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Proposed in this manuscript is a novel taper geometry, the constant-loss taper (CLT). This geometry is derived with 1D slabs of silicon embedded in silicon dioxide using coupled-mode theory (CMT). The efficiency of the CLT is compared to both linear and parabolic tapers using CMT and 2D finite-difference time-domain simulations. It is shown that over a short 2D, 4.45 µm long taper the CLT's mode conversion efficiency is ∼ 90% which is 10% and 18% more efficient than a 2D parabolic or linear taper, respectively.

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“…The propagation loss of a Si nanowire has been reduced from several tens of dB/cm to sub-dB/cm [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] by reducing the roughness of the sidewall with improved fabrication processes and some additional postprocesses (e.g., wet chemical polishing or oxidation [13]). For the second challenge, several kinds of smart mode-converters have been developed, such as a waveguide grating coupler [19], an inverse tapering section [11], [20][21][22], a dual-grating assisted directional coupler [23], and a bi-level taper [24]. The theoretical coupling efficiency has been improved to more than 90%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasmall integrated devices based on silicon nanowires for optical communications

Dai

2008

J. Nanophoton

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Planar lightwave circuits (PLCs) based on Si nanowires exhibit several serious problems due to the small cross sections of the nanowires. These problems include large scattering loss, large coupling loss to a single-mode fiber, and high dependency on polarization. Several solutions to these problems have emerged. Recent progress on Si-nanowire-based passive PLC devices encompasses arrayed waveguide grating (de)multiplexers, microring resonators, and multimode interference couplers.

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Mode transformer for miniaturized optical circuits

Cited by 49 publications

References 5 publications

Silicon photonic devices and integrated circuits

Silicon photonic devices and integrated circuits

2D constant-loss taper for mode conversion

Ultrasmall integrated devices based on silicon nanowires for optical communications

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