Modalités d'allongement et morphologie des pousses annuelles chez le noyer commun, Juglans regia L. 'Lara' (Juglandaceae)

Abstract

Chez Juglans regia L. 'Lara', des observations bihebdomadaires de l'allongement de trois types morphologiques de pousses annuelles florifères (monocycliques, avec ou sans petit axe à développement immédiat, et bicycliques) en fonction de quatre types de rameaux porteurs ont été réalisées sur des arbres âgés de 4 ans, au cours d'une saison de croissance, dans le Sud-Ouest de la France. Chez les arbres étudiés, l'influence du type de rameau porteur apparaît essentiellement sur les dates de début d'allongement des pousses annuelles monocycliques. La longueur des pousses porteuses n'est pas corrélée à la longueur des pousses monocycliques nouvellement émises, mais elle l'est avec la longueur des pousses bicyliques portées. Chez les pousses florifères bicycliques, deux vagues d'allongement successives, l'une printanière et l'autre estivale ont été décrites au cours d'un cycle annuel de croissance. L'interruption intra-annuelle de l'allongement se traduit par la présence d'une série de cataphylles séparées par des entre-noeuds courts. Les pousses printanières se différencient des pousses estivales par la structure et le nombre d'organes foliaires émis. L'influence de la durée d'allongement, de la longueur et du nombre de feuilles de la pousse printanière sur l'édification d'un rameau acrotone à développement immédiat suivie ou non d'une pousse estivale a été étudiée.Abstract: Shoot extension during a growth season has been investigated in three morphological types of floriferous annual shoots (monocyclic with or without a small axis with immediate development and bicyclic) on four types of parental branches within 4-year-old Juglans regia L. 'Lara' growing in the south-west of France. The morphological type of parental branches has an influence on the time of inception of monocyclic shoot extension. No correlation has been found between the parental shoot length and monocyclic shoot length, while a positive correlation has been found between parental shoot length and bicyclic shoot length. Bicyclic annual shoots expand during two successive flushes : in spring and summer, respectively. The intra-annual resting phase results in the presence of a series of cataphylls in the median part of the shoots. Spring shoots and summer shoots may be distinguished by variations in form and in number of foliar organs. Annual shoots exhibiting an acrotonic axis with immediate development or a summer shoot generally possess greater extension periods and lengths of spring shoots than the unbranched ones.

Stability of the annual shoot diameter in Persian walnut: a case study of different morphotypes and years

“…Similar to our results, a great variability was proved by many authors when taking into consideration basic architectural traits like tree vigour and growth habit in different local populations as well as in hybrids Botu et al 2001;Kuden et al 1997;Germain 1997b;Germain et al 1997;Lansari et al 2001;Solar et al 2001Zeneli et al 2005), while the quantitative description of annual shoots in walnut was reported only by Ducousso et al (1995), Lauri et al (2001) and Sabatier et al (1998). The first authors dealed with the length and nodes distribution in annual shoots whereas the last ones investigated the current year shoots and their impact to the fruit weight variability.…”

“…In Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.), annual shoots were explored from different aspects by many authors like Mauget (1976), Barthélémy et al (1995), Ducousso et al (1995), Sabatier et al (1995Sabatier et al ( , 1998, Sabatier and Barthelemy (2001a) (see Solar andŠtampar 2002). It is common for all of them that they investigated annual shoots from the qualitative point of view.…”

Annual shoot-growth in Nothofagus antarctica (G. Forster) Oersted (Nothofagaceae) from northern Patagonia

“…The relatively homogeneous bud-break period registered here complies with previous observations made for other tree species (Kramer and Kozlowski 1960;Mitchell 1965;Sabatier et al 1995Sabatier et al , 1998Puntieri et al 1998). Bud-break time seems to be under strong genetic control (Kriebel 1957;Morris et al 1957;Irgens-Moller 1960;Walters and Soos 1963), so that homogeneity in this respect would be expected for a population of a vegetatively regenerating species such as N. antarctica.…”

Plant Architecture: A Dynamic, Multilevel and Comprehensive Approach to Plant Form, Structure and Ontogeny

“…In some cases, however, because lateral resting buds may be 'hidden', during the resting phase, in the axils of persistent basal foliar organs of the terminal bud (Guédès, 1975(Guédès, , 1980 or because lateral axes in an embryonic stage may already exist inside a resting bud (Champagnat, 1965;Roloff, 1985), the interpretation may be complicated or may lead to a misuse of the terminology (Caraglio and Barthélémy, 1997). Finally, in delayed branching it has been shown that the duration of the delay may be of several weeks to a year (Sabatier et al, , 1998(Sabatier et al, , 2003bPuntieri et al, 1998;Heuret et al, 2003) and even several years (Fink, 1983;Nicolini et al, 2001).…”