Mobility of trace elements in fly ash and in zeolitised coal fly ash

Belviso, Claudia; Cavalcante, Francesco; Gennaro, Spartaco Di; Palma, Achille; Ragone, Pietro; Fiore, Saverio

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2014.12.037

Cited by 51 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[45][46][47][48] To the best of our knowledge, only Belviso et al 45 conducted a complete characterization of CFA and synthetizes zeolites, including determining trace elements, whereas other authors [46][47][48] assessed only major elements. Recent studies conducted by Behin et al 49 related to transfer of trace elements from zeolites NaP type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distribution and mobility of both structural (Si, Al and Na) and extra framework elements were evaluated during hydrothermal zeolite synthesis in one-step (one-pot) 45 and two-steps processes. 46 Assessing the presence of extra framework elements and how they behave during zeolite application may provide answers to several questions regarding the quality of the product generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Ferrarini¹,

Cardoso²,

Paprocki³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Coal fly ash has been proposed as an alternative raw material for zeolite synthesis, however, the mobilization of toxic elements of this material into zeolite products, washing water and effluent is rarely addressed. In this study, Brazilian coal fly ash was used in the integrated synthesis (two steps) of zeolites Na-P1 and 4A and the distribution of approximately 40 major, minor and trace elements was investigated in all the input and output flows involved in the process. The mobilization of several elements was observed in the zeolite products, a number of which are highly toxic, such as As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb. With regard to the amount present in the ash, both zeolites were enriched in several elements, such as Ni in zeolite Na-P1 and As in zeolite 4A. The latter exhibited high purity, with most of the elements investigated having concentrations close to those measured in commercial zeolite 4A. Important information was gathered regarding zeolite synthesis using fly ash, which will ensure safer application of these materials and, if necessary, propose a contaminant-free synthesis route.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Ferrarini¹,

Cardoso²,

Paprocki³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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“…70, 6 and 2 times higher than the wastewater discharge standard allowed under Brazilian legislation. 33,44 Silver exceeded the limit (12 times) only in the effluent from process B and chromium (1.3 times) only in process A. Ferrarini et al 5 also reported higher As content than legally stipulated in a study using a synthesis process similar to process A. These results indicate the need for proper treatment before disposing these effluents, which would make the synthesis process more expensive.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Zeolites And Residual Ashmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These results were expected and corroborate findings in similar studies. 5,28,44,45 It is important to underscore the low levels (< 1 mg kg -1 ) recorded for most of the highly toxic elements (As, Cr, Se, etc.). These results indicate the potential use of zeolite 4A in applications with more stringent contaminant standards (i.e., biomaterials, zeolite fertilizers, etc.…”

Section: Zeolite Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Sustainability of Integrated Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zeolites Obtained from Waste

Ferrarini¹,

Cardoso²,

Alban³

et al. 2018

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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The high Si and Al contents in the amorphous phase of coal fly ash have been used for its conversion into zeolites. This process converts a toxic low-value by-product into a product used in a number of environmental applications, but has the disadvantage of introducing contaminants. Despite the large number of studies on the conversion of fly ash into zeolites, few report this drawback or discuss the efficiency of the proposed processes from a technical or ecological perspective. In this respect, the present study conducts a detailed assessment of two routes for integrated hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites 4A and Na-P1 obtained from coal fly ash. The processes are evaluated and compared in relation to the presence of undesirable metals and elements in the different steps of synthesis, as well as the feedstock and final product. Different performance parameters are presented and applied in the assessment of both processes and the most sustainable is recommended.

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“…Experimental investigation on stabilization/solidification of iron ore mine tailings with cost-effective composite binders using cement, lime and fly ash proved to be beneficial for safe surface disposal of these wastes with minimal leaching of hazardous metals (Manjunatha and Sunil 2013). The application of activated carbon, biochar, bentonite, cement kiln dust, sugar beet factory lime, zeolite, etc., as low-cost amendments in contaminated soil helped in immobilization of toxic elements such as Ni and Zinc and reduced their phyto-availability (Kilpimaa et al 2013;Xu et al 2013;Ahmad et al 2014;Belviso et al 2014;Shaheen and Rinklebe 2015). It is indicated in the literature that lightweight sintered aggregates prepared by mixing sewage sludge and fly ash in definite weight ratio can be an environmentally friendly approach for disposal of these wastes with stabilization of heavy metals (Wei 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of heavy metals and rheological characteristics of coal ash samples in presence of some selective additives

Pani

Rath

Maharana

et al. 2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The huge quantity of coal ash produced in Indian thermal power plants is disposed of in ash landfills or ash ponds. The deposition of ash in ash ponds through conventional lean slurry form is viewed as a major potential release of many environmentally sensitive heavy metals due to possible contamination with ground water. An attempt has been made in this paper to assess the leachability of the heavy metals such as Cu, Pb, Ni, Co, Zn, Cd, Hg and As from two Indian power plant ash samples in the presence of some selective low-cost additives. The additives used for the study were sodium silicate (Na 2-SiO 3 Á5H 2 O), Reetha fruit (botanical name: Sapindus Mukorossi) extract, banana leaf extract, Aloe vera juice and active carbon. By adopting short duration (7 days) batch leaching test and toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP), the behaviour of various heavy metal ions released in water influenced by small dosage of these selective additives has been analysed. By introducing the same additives, the rheological behaviour of the two fly ash samples at high solids concentration (C W = 55-67.5 % by weight) was carried out using a HAAKE rotational rheometer (model: RheoStress 1, Thermo Fisher Scientific). The influence of small dosage of these additives on rheological parameters of the ash-water slurry has been discussed.

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Mobility of trace elements in fly ash and in zeolitised coal fly ash

Cited by 51 publications

References 34 publications

Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Integrated Synthesis of Zeolites Using Coal Fly Ash: Element Distribution in the Products, Washing Waters and Effluent

Evaluation of the Sustainability of Integrated Hydrothermal Synthesis of Zeolites Obtained from Waste

Assessment of heavy metals and rheological characteristics of coal ash samples in presence of some selective additives

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