“…It was through the combination of these ideas that the idea emerged of a system of police acting to prevent crime. Police here was understood as a general system of urban regulation for the maintenance of good order, and this 15 ranged from patrolling watchmen, to the circulation of information about crime, to regulation of nuisances and general order in the streets (Dodsworth, 2008(Dodsworth, , 2011 (Fielding, 1758a: 41, 55). Indeed, habit appears at the very beginning of the work, when writing about the evil influence of gaming tables he points out that 'Habit makes many things appear necessary, that are not only in themselves superfluous, but injurious' (Fielding, 1758a: x).…”
Section: Policementioning
confidence: 99%
“…It was through the combination of these ideas that the idea emerged of a system of police acting to prevent crime. Police here was understood as a general system of urban regulation for the maintenance of good order, and this ranged from patrolling watchmen, to the circulation of information about crime, to regulation of nuisances and general order in the streets (Dodsworth, 2008, 2011).…”
This article explores the role that ‘habit’ played in discourses on crime in the 18th century, a subject which forms an important part of the history of ‘the social’. It seeks to bridge the division between ‘liberal’ positions which see crime as a product of social circumstance, and the conservative position which stresses the role of will and individual responsibility, by drawing attention to the role habit played in uniting these conceptions in the 18th century. It argues that the Lockean idea that the mind was a tabula rasa, and that the character was thereby formed through impression and habit, was used as a device to explain the ways in which certain individuals rather than others happened to fall into a life of crime, a temptation to which all were susceptible. This allowed commentators to define individuals as responsible for their actions, while accepting the significance of environmental factors in their transgressions. Further, the notion that the character was formed through habit enabled reformers to promote the idea that crime could be combated through mechanisms of prevention and reformation, which both targeted the individual criminal and sought more generally to reduce the likelihood of crime.
“…It was through the combination of these ideas that the idea emerged of a system of police acting to prevent crime. Police here was understood as a general system of urban regulation for the maintenance of good order, and this 15 ranged from patrolling watchmen, to the circulation of information about crime, to regulation of nuisances and general order in the streets (Dodsworth, 2008(Dodsworth, , 2011 (Fielding, 1758a: 41, 55). Indeed, habit appears at the very beginning of the work, when writing about the evil influence of gaming tables he points out that 'Habit makes many things appear necessary, that are not only in themselves superfluous, but injurious' (Fielding, 1758a: x).…”
Section: Policementioning
confidence: 99%
“…It was through the combination of these ideas that the idea emerged of a system of police acting to prevent crime. Police here was understood as a general system of urban regulation for the maintenance of good order, and this ranged from patrolling watchmen, to the circulation of information about crime, to regulation of nuisances and general order in the streets (Dodsworth, 2008, 2011).…”
This article explores the role that ‘habit’ played in discourses on crime in the 18th century, a subject which forms an important part of the history of ‘the social’. It seeks to bridge the division between ‘liberal’ positions which see crime as a product of social circumstance, and the conservative position which stresses the role of will and individual responsibility, by drawing attention to the role habit played in uniting these conceptions in the 18th century. It argues that the Lockean idea that the mind was a tabula rasa, and that the character was thereby formed through impression and habit, was used as a device to explain the ways in which certain individuals rather than others happened to fall into a life of crime, a temptation to which all were susceptible. This allowed commentators to define individuals as responsible for their actions, while accepting the significance of environmental factors in their transgressions. Further, the notion that the character was formed through habit enabled reformers to promote the idea that crime could be combated through mechanisms of prevention and reformation, which both targeted the individual criminal and sought more generally to reduce the likelihood of crime.
“…Significa quePaasche (2015) yKlauser (2014), quienes colaboran entre sí, poseen un discurso que se va alejando del foucaultiano y se va asociando con el territorio. En cuanto a la sexta agrupación se identificaron a Bruzzone (2019),Minhoto (2015) yDodsworth (2012). Esta comunidad al igual que la primera se encuentran en una periferia discursiva, es decir, se tratan de construcciones teóricas que empiezan a encontrar una identidad propia aun usando las investigaciones de Foucault y Delueze.La séptima comunidad es aquella donde participa Coyles (2017), aunque además acompañado por Oscar Newman, arquitecto que afirmara sobre la importancia del diseño de las ciudades para el control del crimen.…”
unclassified
“…Se trata de Yang (2020), de La Robertie y Lebrument (2019), Tosetto (2018),Wang (2017),Rosol (2014), Renzi y Elmer (2013),Bushnell (2003) yOuttes (2002) quienes han elaborado discursos independientes: nuevas exploraciones usando los métodos foucaultianos y deleuzianos. Finalmente, es importante señalar a Moraña (2017), quien ha sido excluido del producto del análisis, esto significa que se trata de un discurso inédito del poder en la ciudad (Ilustración 5).Adicionalmente, Foucault es un autor central en todas las investigaciones, sin embargo, no todos los documentos analizados usan fuentes directas del filósofo Moraña (2017),Self (2013),Dodsworth (2012…”
El análisis del poder postulado por Michel Foucault está presente en distintas disciplinas del conocimiento y la ciudad no es la excepción. Sin embargo, es de especial interés en tanto la ciudad es un dispositivo que permite facilitar la libertad o la sujeción del sujeto, produciéndolo y sometiéndolo. Los avances en las investigaciones que relacionan la ciudad con el poder cada vez son más, motivo por el cual se vuelve necesario una revisión del discurso con el objetivo de demostrar las distintas comunidades que se han formado. Para tal fin se analizan publicaciones (capítulos de libros y artículos) en revistas indexadas en Scopus con el programa gephi logrando identificar siete comunidades discursivas. A saber, la ciudad: concebida para el poder, como dispositivo de poder, como productor de sujeto, como dispositivo de vigilancia y como policía (desde un método genealógico). Además de dos discursos en proceso de construcción asociado a las smarts cities y la gobernanza; demostrando la presencia, vigencia y necesidad de continuar con más investigaciones que analicen el poder y la ciudad.
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