MnO and TiO solid catalysts with low-grade feedstocks for biodiesel production

Gombotz, Kevin; Parette, Robert; Austic, Greg; Kannan, Dheeban Chakravarthi; Matson, Jack V.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2011.08.031

Cited by 42 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1 A rapid increase in biomass conversion has produced a massive stockpile of glycerol, and its transformation to value-added chemicals has been in great demand. A number of methods have been reported to provide C 2 ~ C 3 chemical products such as glyceraldehyde, glyceric acid, hydroxypyruvic acid, tartronic acid, glycolic acid, and oxalic acid.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct conversion of glycerol into formic acid via water stable Pd(II) catalyzed oxidative carbon–carbon bond cleavage

Pullanikat

Lee

Yoo

et al. 2013

Tetrahedron Letters

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confidence: 99%

Direct conversion of glycerol into formic acid via water stable Pd(II) catalyzed oxidative carbon–carbon bond cleavage

Pullanikat

Lee

Yoo

et al. 2013

Tetrahedron Letters

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“…A backpressure gauge was utilized on the outlet side of the column to apply a backpressure of 8.3-9.0 MPa. They produced high quality BDF (meeting ASTM specifications) from yellow grease with 15% FFA at the optimal reaction conditions: 29:1 methanol to oil mol ratio in stage 1, 15:1 methanol to oil molar ratio in stage 2, and reaction temperature 260 °C at pressure 9.0 MPa with MnO catalyst [91]. Table 5 presents comparisons of production methods and reaction conditions using various types of catalysts and oils of the yield or conversion of FAME.…”

Section: Continuous Methods Using a Gas-liquid Reactormentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Technologies for Biodiesel Fuel Production and Utilization of Glycerol: A Review

et al. 2012

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More than 10 million tons of biodiesel fuel (BDF) have been produced in the world from the transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol by using acid catalysts (sulfuric acid, H 2 SO 4 ), alkaline catalysts (sodium hydroxide, NaOH or potassium hydroxide, KOH), solid catalysts and enzymes. Unfortunately, the price of BDF is still more expensive than that of petro diesel fuel due to the lack of a suitable raw material oil. Here, we review the best selection of BDF production systems including raw materials, catalysts and production technologies. In addition, glycerol formed as a by-product needs to be converted to useful chemicals to reduce the amount of glycerol waste. With this in mind, we have also reviewed some recent studies on the utilization of glycerol.

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“…Placing this relation into Equation (8) and after simplification, Equation (12) shows the methyl ester conversion as a function of temperature (K) and time (h). Equation (12) has a good precision and its mean relative error (MRE) with experimental data is equal to 9.10 %. Also this figure is shown experimental methyl ester conversion.…”

Section: Kinetic Model Accuracy Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biodiesel has been the best alternative for fossil fuel during the past two decades (biodiesel was first produced in the European Union (EU) and the United States of America (USA) in 1992 and 1993, respectively). [7,[11][12][13][14] Despite all the benefits of basic heterogeneous catalyst, from an industrial point of view, one of the drawbacks of the basic heterogeneous catalyst containing CaO is the deactivation of catalyst active sites with chemisorption of existing carbon dioxide and water in the air which forms carbonates and hydroxyl group, respectively. [1,[4][5][6] The existing reactions for biodiesel production are pyrolysis, micro-emulsion, and transestrification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of transesterification reaction using CAO/AL₂O₃ catalyst synthesized by sol‐gel method

et al. 2015

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Calcium oxide is one of the appropriate catalysts for biodiesel production. In this study, 40 wt. % CaO/Al 2 O 3 catalyst was used. Transesterification reaction was performed in optimal condition presented in the previous study (0.05 molar nitric acid and gelation temperature of 70 8C) in a 250 mL two-necked flask. All the experiments were carried out in the presence of soybean oil, methanol (methanol to oil molar ratio of 12:1), and catalyst concentration of 6 wt. %. Stirrer speed was set at 350 rpm. This study investigated the effects of reaction temperature and reaction time on produced biodiesel conversion. Methyl ester conversion changes in all temperatures and across different times indicated pseudo-first order kinetic, so, first, the observed rate constant was obtained at various temperatures. Then, observed activation energy of soybean oil methanolysis in the presence of CaO/ Al 2 O 3 catalyst was determined. The results show that maximum errors of model are in primary times because methanol is insoluble in soybean oil. At the other times and by biodiesel and glycerol production, there was increased solubility of methanol in oil. The methyl esters production rate is related to diffusion of methanol in oil film and reaction rate constants which are calculated these constants.

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MnO and TiO solid catalysts with low-grade feedstocks for biodiesel production

Cited by 42 publications

References 17 publications

Direct conversion of glycerol into formic acid via water stable Pd(II) catalyzed oxidative carbon–carbon bond cleavage

Direct conversion of glycerol into formic acid via water stable Pd(II) catalyzed oxidative carbon–carbon bond cleavage

Catalytic Technologies for Biodiesel Fuel Production and Utilization of Glycerol: A Review

Kinetics of transesterification reaction using CAO/AL₂O₃ catalyst synthesized by sol‐gel method

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MnO and TiO solid catalysts with low-grade feedstocks for biodiesel production

Cited by 42 publications

References 17 publications

Direct conversion of glycerol into formic acid via water stable Pd(II) catalyzed oxidative carbon–carbon bond cleavage

Direct conversion of glycerol into formic acid via water stable Pd(II) catalyzed oxidative carbon–carbon bond cleavage

Catalytic Technologies for Biodiesel Fuel Production and Utilization of Glycerol: A Review

Kinetics of transesterification reaction using CAO/AL2O3 catalyst synthesized by sol‐gel method

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Kinetics of transesterification reaction using CAO/AL₂O₃ catalyst synthesized by sol‐gel method