<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Sr</mml:mi><mml:none /><mml:mo>+</mml:mo><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mn>88</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>445-THz Single-Ion Reference at the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msup><mml:mn>10</mml:mn><mml:mrow><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mn>17</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math>Level via Control and Cancellation of Systematic Uncertainties and Its

Madej, A.A.; Dubé, Philip E.; Zhou, Zichao; Bernard, J. E.; Gertsvolf, Marina

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.109.203002

Cited by 153 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ongoing efforts aiming at controlling the BBR shift by means of temperature-regulated environments raise the prospect of accuracies at 1 Â 10 À 17 or below for OLCs in a near future, thus possibly matching the performances of single-ion clocks, which have taken the lead in terms of control of the systematics [5][6][7][8] . Finally, further comparisons, on a larger scale and between optical clocks designed and built in different institutes, are required to fully explore the potential of the various approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental realization of an optical second with strontium lattice clocks

et al. 2013

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Progress in realizing the SI second had multiple technological impacts and enabled further constraint of theoretical models in fundamental physics. Caesium microwave fountains, realizing best the second according to its current definition with a relative uncertainty of 2-4 Â 10 À 16 , have already been overtaken by atomic clocks referenced to an optical transition, which are both more stable and more accurate. Here we present an important step in the direction of a possible new definition of the second. Our system of five clocks connects with an unprecedented consistency the optical and the microwave worlds. For the first time, two state-of-the-art strontium optical lattice clocks are proven to agree within their accuracy budget, with a total uncertainty of 1.5 Â 10 À 16 . Their comparison with three independent caesium fountains shows a degree of accuracy now only limited by the best realizations of the microwave-defined second, at the level of 3.1 Â 10 À 16 .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few optical clocks operated with single ions feature a record control of the systematics in the 10 À 17 range [5][6][7] or even 8.6 Â 10 À 18 (ref. 8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental realization of an optical second with strontium lattice clocks

et al. 2013

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“…A single ion optical frequency standard at the 10 −17 level of precision has recently been reported for the 5s-4d 5/2 transition of the Sr + ion [77]. It is likely that the determination of the magic wavelengths for this transition could be used to improve the precision of estimates of the blackbody radiation shift for this transition [57,78].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic polarizabilities for the low-lying states of Ca+

et al. 2013

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The dynamic polarizabilities of the 4s, 3d and 4p states of Ca + , are calculated using a relativistic structure model. The wavelengths at which the Stark shifts between different pairs of transitions are zero are computed. Experimental determination of the magic wavelengths can be used to estimate the ratio of the f 3d J →4p J ′ and f4s 1/2 →4p J ′ oscillator strengths. This could prove valuable in developing better atomic structure models and in particular lead to improved values of the polarizabilities needed in the evaluation of the blackbody radiation shift of the Ca + ion.

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“…with 88 Sr + [50] [51] and 171 Yb [52], thanks to the steady efforts of many laboratories worldwide in the field of optical frequency metrology.…”

Section: Fundamental Physics Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic fountains and optical clocks at SYRTE: Status and perspectives

Abgrall

Chupin

Sarlo

et al. 2015

Comptes Rendus. Physique

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In this article, we report on the work done with the LNE-SYRTE atomic clock ensemble during the last 10 years. We cover progress made in atomic fountains and in their application to timekeeping. We also cover the development of optical lattice clocks based on strontium and on mercury. We report on tests of fundamental physical laws made with these highly accurate atomic clocks. We also report on work relevant to a future possible redefinition of the SI second. IntroductionResearch on highly accurate atomic frequency standards and their applications is making fast and steady progress. The quest for ever increased accuracy is advancing hand in hand with advances in quantum physics, with better understanding and manipulation of atomic systems, with exploration of fundamental laws of nature and with the development of important services and infrastructures for science and society. The quest for increased accuracy is also a powerful incentive to innovation in such areas as lasers, laser stabilization, low noise electronics, stable oscillators, low noise detection of optical signals, fiber devices and cold-atom based instrumentation for ground or space applications. Finally, in addition to enhancing existing applications, improved accuracy leads to new applications.This article focuses on key achievements and trends of the last 10 years. Over this period of time, the first generation of laser-cooled standards, using the atomic fountain geometry, reached maturity and had large impact on international timekeeping. The typical accuracy of these frequency standards, 2 parts in 10 16 , is now permanently accessible both locally and globally. At the same time, a new generation of optical clocks showed tremendous and steady improvement, gaining more than two orders of magnitude in a decade. To date, an accuracy of 6.4 × 10 −18 [1] was reported. Similarly, major improvements occurred in many other aspects of optical frequency metrology, notably in optical frequency combs and optical fiber links.In this article, we will report on developments of the LNE-SYRTE atomic clock ensemble since our 2004 report in the Special Issue of the Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des sciences on Fundamental Metrology [2]. This work exemplifies many of the above mentioned features of research on highly accurate atomic frequency standards. We will focus on frequency standards and their impact on timescales and timekeeping, on clock comparisons, including optical-to-microwave comparisons with combs, and their applications. Several

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Sr+88445-THz Single-Ion Reference at the10−17Level via Control and Cancellation of Systematic Uncertainties and Its

Cited by 153 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental realization of an optical second with strontium lattice clocks

Experimental realization of an optical second with strontium lattice clocks

Dynamic polarizabilities for the low-lying states of Ca+

Atomic fountains and optical clocks at SYRTE: Status and perspectives

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