Mixtures of catanionic surfactants can be superspreaders: Comparison with trisiloxane superspreader

Kinetics of spreading of synergetic surfactant mixtures in the case of partial wetting

“…The special two-step protocol of spreading experiments for mixtures, when first a drop of one of the solutions is placed on the substrate and then a drop of the second one is added on its top was proposed in [12] for catanionic mixtures to suppress the effect of crystallisation. It was however shown in [13,14] Obviously the final contact angle presented by curves 2 and 3 in Fig. 8 is not the equilibrium (advancing) one, as spreading radius is still increasing.…”

“…and anionic surfactants [12][13][14]. In the latter case the synergism is due to decrease of electrostatic repulsion in the adsorbed monolayer resulting in the considerable decrease of both liquid/air and solid/liquid interfacial tensions [12][13][14]. In the former case, considered here, synergism is due to preferable adsorption of components of the mixture at one of the interfaces.…”

“…2 to DuPont information sheet and M=1044 g/mol according to [29]) it can be concluded that the 1:1 mixtures of surfactant solutions with close molar concentration demonstrates the best wetting properties. and anionic surfactants [12][13][14]. In the latter case the synergism is due to decrease of electrostatic repulsion in the adsorbed monolayer resulting in the considerable decrease of both liquid/air and solid/liquid interfacial tensions [12][13][14].…”

“…According to [28] chemical composition of Zonyl FSN-100 is CF 3 (CF 2 ) 5 (EO) 14 , whereas according to [29] it is CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7.4 (EO) 13.7 .…”

“…According to [7] spreading during the inertial stage does not depend on surfactant properties and concentration and is similar to that of pure liquids, whereas during the viscous stage it becomes surfactant depending and spreading exponent may be higher than that for pure liquids [7]. The most important distinction of the spreading of surfactant solutions from that of pure liquids in the case of complete wetting is the third stage, referred to as surfactant enhanced spreading or superspreading [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. During this stage the spreading accelerates again demonstrating spreading exponent up to 0.5.…”