Mixture of glufosinate and atrazine for ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) control and its effect on seeds’ quality

Abstract

Ryegrass management has been difficult by the occurrence of resistant biotypes to several herbicides with different action mechanisms. Since herbicides mixes and rotations are an important alternative for resistant weed management, the objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction of the dose of the herbicides glufosinate and atrazine on ryegrass control and its seeds’ quality exposed to their association. For this study, three experiments were carried out using factorial design in field, laboratory, and greenhouse conditions. Two factors (A and B) were evaluated in each experiment, where factor A and B represented the doses of glufosinate and atrazine, respectively. Ryegrass control was evaluated in field experiment, while germination percentage and Emergence Speed Index (ESI), were obtained in laboratory and greenhouse analyses, respectively. The data were submitted to variance analysis (P≤0.05) and the significant results were analyzed through response surface graphs. For ryegrass control data, the effect of the interaction was analyzed by the Colby method; glufosinate provides efficient ryegrass control, but its association with atrazine reduces the efficiency, being characterized as an antagonism between molecules. Glufosinate herbicide application, independent of atrazine presence, reduced the ryegrass seeds quality at the post-flowering stage.

Monitoring weed mechanical and chemical damage stress based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging

“…Compared with single stress, compound stress not only disrupted the physiological pattern of weeds but also directly damaged the leaf structure of weeds, broke the obstruction of weed cuticle layer, made glufosinate enter into weeds faster, and combined with ATP and occupied the reaction site of GS, the synthesis of GS was blocked, and photosynthesis was affected, which made the weeds die much more efficiently ( Ulguim et al., 2019 ; Takano et al., 2020a ; Takano et al., 2020b ). It is evident from the time that the composite stress leads to the death of the weed in a far shorter time than when a single stress acts on the weed.…”

Reduction of Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) Natural Re-Sowing with Herbicides and Plant Growth Regulators

“…Similar results of herbicidal effect on the physiological quality of ryegrass seeds were found by Campos et al [61] who obtained total germination control with paraquat + diuron (500 + 250 g ha −1 ) and ammonium glufosinate (600 g ha −1 ). The application of ammonium glufosinate by Da Rosa Ulghim et al [62] in ryegrass post-flowering also significantly reduced germination and seed viability of the weed. In sorghum, the herbicide glyphosate applied in pre-harvest had a detrimental effect on the germination of its seeds [63].…”