Mixed sulphide–oxide lead and zinc ores: Problems and solutions

Moradi, Sahar; Monhemius, A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2011.05.014

Cited by 67 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…Zinc oxide ores are recently being considered as an appropriate alternative. However, the zinc oxide ore grade is too low to enrich, demanding some special methods to extract the zinc economically [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave and Ultrasound Augmented Leaching of Complicated Zinc Oxide Ores in Ammonia and Ammonium Citrate Solutions

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2017

Metals

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Recovery of zinc from low grade zinc oxide ore is attempted with ammonia and ammonium citrate solutions augmented by microwave roasting and ultrasound radiation. The influence of the ammonia-ammonium ratio, roasting temperature, ultrasound power, and leaching time were assessed on the recovery of zinc. A maximum zinc recovery of 88.57% could be achieved at a roasting temperature of 673 K, leaching temperature of 298 K, stirring speed of 300 rpm, total ammonia concentration of 5 mol/L with an ammonium citrate concentration of 1.2 mol/L, liquid to solid ratio of 5:1, the ultrasound power was 600 W and the leaching time was 120 min. The enhancement in recovery with increases in the roasting temperature up to 673 K was attributed to the conversion of ZnCO 3 to ZnO. The phases of mineral samples and the reaction residues were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave and Ultrasound Augmented Leaching of Complicated Zinc Oxide Ores in Ammonia and Ammonium Citrate Solutions

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2017

Metals

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“…Even though their major sources are sulfides, finding new sources for production of lead and zinc concentrates as an alternative for depleting sulfide sources is a matter of issue (Ejtemaei et al, 2014). Cerussite and smithsonite are the most abundant non-sulfide minerals of lead and zinc and they have a considerable potential to produce lead and zinc concentrates (Moradi & Monhemius, 2011;Ma et al, 2011;Abkhoshk et al, 2014). Most commonly, hydrometallurgical processes or froth flotation are performed for concentration of cerussite and smthisonite (Gupta & Yan, 2006;Abkhoshk et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Zinc from Smithsonite by Ammonia Leaching

Talan¹,

Atalay²,

Altun³

2017

World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering

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-In this study, an ore taken from Kayseri region of Turkey was used. Characterization studies showed that the run-of mine ore is rich in oxide minerals, cerussite (PbCO 3 ) and smithsonite (ZnCO 3 ). The aim of the study was extraction of zinc from smithsonite by ammonia leaching on cerussite flotation tailings. Initial lead and zinc grades of the ore were 13.31% and 27.86%, respectively. As a result of a series of cerussite flotation tests, a lead concentrate containing 63.25% Pb was produced with 82.76% recovery. After that, tailing of flotation was treated with ammonia (NH 3 ) to extract zinc. For that purpose, 5M and 7M of NH 3 solutions were used for 30 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours and 12 hours. In consequence of the leaching experiments, the highest extraction rate was obtained as 76.66% using 7M NH 3 solution with 12 hours of treatment.

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“…It is mainly recovered from primary supplied concentrates [2,3]. However, the zinc concentrate resources decrease rapidly with the increasing consumption of zinc based products [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Fluorides and Chlorides from Zinc Oxide Fumes by Microwave Sulfating Roasting

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2015

High Temperature Materials and Processes

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Dechlorination and defluorination from zinc oxide dust by microwave sulfating roasting was investigated in this study. According to proposed reactions in the process, detailed experiments were systematically conducted to study the effect of roasting temperature, holding time, air and steam flow rates on the efficiency of the removal of F and Cl. The results show that 92.3% of F and 90.5% of Cl in the fume could be purified when the condition of the roasting temperature of 650 °C, holding time at 60 min, air flow of 300 L/h and steam flow of 8 ml/min was optimized. Our investigation indicates that microwave sulfating roasting could be a promising new way for the dechlorination and defluorination from zinc oxide dust.

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Mixed sulphide–oxide lead and zinc ores: Problems and solutions

Cited by 67 publications

References 155 publications

Microwave and Ultrasound Augmented Leaching of Complicated Zinc Oxide Ores in Ammonia and Ammonium Citrate Solutions

Microwave and Ultrasound Augmented Leaching of Complicated Zinc Oxide Ores in Ammonia and Ammonium Citrate Solutions

Extraction of Zinc from Smithsonite by Ammonia Leaching

Removal of Fluorides and Chlorides from Zinc Oxide Fumes by Microwave Sulfating Roasting

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