Mixed-mode liquid chromatography with a stationary phase co-functionalized with ionic liquid embedded C18 and an aryl sulfonate group

Ren, Xiujun; Zhang, Kailian; Gao, Die; Fu, Qifeng; Zeng, Jing; Zhou, Di; Wang, Lujun; Xia, Zhining

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.017

Cited by 44 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The band around 1700 cm −1 due to the stretching vibration of C═O suggests the formation of octadecyl ester . The bands around 649 cm −1 attributed to sulfonate can be oberseved in the spectra of SE─SO 3 H and SE─C 18 /SO 3 H . These results confirm that the functional groups have been successfully bonded to the silica substrate.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Epoxide‐derived mixed‐mode chromatographic stationary phases for separation of active substances in fixed‐dose combination drugs

Zhang

Wan

2019

J of Separation Science

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A method for the preparation of novel mixed‐mode reversed‐phase/strong cation exchange stationary phase for the separation of fixed‐dose combination drugs has been developed. An epoxysilane bonded silica prepared by vapor phase deposition was used as a starting material to produce diol, octadecyl, sulfonate, and mixed octadecyl/sulfonate groups bonded silica phases. The chemical structure and surface coverage of the functional groups on these synthesized phases were confirmed by fourier‐transform infrared and solid‐state 13C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Alkylbenzene homologs, basic drugs, nucleobases and alkylaniline homologs were used as probes to demonstrate the reversed‐phase, ion exchange, hydrophilic interaction and mixed‐mode retention behaviors of these stationary phases. The octadecyl/sulfonate bonded silica exhibits pronounced mixed‐mode retention behavior and superior retentivity and selectivity for alkylaniline homologs. The mixed‐mode retention is affected by either ionic or solvent strength in the mobile phase, permiting optimization of a separation by fine tuning these parameters. The mixed‐mode stationary phase was applied to separate two fixed‐dose combination drugs: compound reserpine tablets and compound methoxyphenamine capsules. The results show that simultaneous separation of multiple substances in the compound dosage can be achieved on the mixed‐mode phase, which makes multi‐cycles of analysis for multiple components obsolete.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Epoxide‐derived mixed‐mode chromatographic stationary phases for separation of active substances in fixed‐dose combination drugs

Zhang

Wan

2019

J of Separation Science

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“…These columns contain long alkyl chain ligands with an ionizable terminus which, depending on the functional groups and the pH of the mobile phase, allow them to interact with the analytes by anion‐exchange, cation‐exchange or both, in addition to RP interactions. Several applications of this technology can be found in the pharmaceutical field and, to a minor extent, in the food and environmental field …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several applications of this technology can be found in the pharmaceutical field [28][29][30] and, to a minor extent, in the food 31,32 and environmental field. 33,34 The aim of this study was to develop a new analytical method combining SPE and mixed-mode LC coupled to MS/MS for the determination of COC and its related compounds in wastewater.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling cocaine residues and pyrolytic products in wastewater by mixed‐mode liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

González-Mariño

Estévez-Danta

Rodil

et al. 2019

Drug Testing and Analysis

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This work provides a new analytical method for the determination of cocaine, its metabolites benzoylecgonine and cocaethylene, the pyrolytic products anhydroecgonine and anhydroecgonine methyl ester, and the pharmaceutical levamisole in wastewater. Samples were solid‐phase extracted and extracts analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry using, for the first time in the illicit drug field, a stationary phase that combines reversed‐phase and weak cation‐exchange functionalities. The overall method performance was satisfactory, with limits of detection below 1 ng/L, relative standard deviations below 21%, and percentages of recovery between 93% and 121%. Analysis of 24‐hour composite raw wastewater samples collected in Santiago de Compostela (Spain) and Brasilia (Brazil) highlighted benzoylecgonine as the compound showing the highest population‐normalized mass loads (300–1000 mg/day/1000 inhabitants). In Brasilia, cocaine and levamisole loads underwent an upsurge on Sunday, indicating a high consumption, and likely a direct disposal, of cocaine powder on this day. Conversely, the pyrolytic product resulting from the smoke of crack, anhydroecgonine methyl ester, and its metabolite anhydroecgonine were relatively stable over the four days, agreeing with a non‐recreational‐associated use of crack.

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“…Thiol‐ene click chemistry has been utilized within preparation of a new stationary phase by functionalizing imidazolium based IL embedded octadecyl (C18) and aryl sulfonate groups . First, vinylimidazole and 1‐bromooctadecane was reacted providing octadecyl substituted vinylimidazole.…”

Section: Silica‐based Mixed‐mode Stationary Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in mixed‐mode chromatographic stationary phases

Sýkora

Řezanka

Záruba

et al. 2018

J of Separation Science

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Mixed‐mode phases have become very popular in the last decade, and the number of new mixed/multi‐mode sorbents is growing fast. Unlike single‐mode stationary phases, perfectly suited for the separation of the analytes possessing similar physicochemical properties, for instance reversed‐phase chromatography for hydrophobic solutes, mixed‐mode sorbents providing multimodal interactions can render better separation selectivity for complex mixtures of solutes differing significantly in their physicochemical characteristics. The most frequent modern mixed‐mode stationary phases are di/tri‐mode sorbents embracing the following interactions, hydrophobic, electrostatic (coulombic), and hydrophilic. According to their structures, it is possible to distinguish silica‐based, polymer‐based, hybrid, and monolithic mixed‐mode stationary phases. Herewith, newly synthesized mixed‐mode sorbents developed within the last two and half years are categorized, discussed, and summarized. The main attention is devoted to the description of the synthetic routes and characterization methods applied for the new stationary phases.

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Mixed-mode liquid chromatography with a stationary phase co-functionalized with ionic liquid embedded C18 and an aryl sulfonate group

Cited by 44 publications

References 48 publications

Epoxide‐derived mixed‐mode chromatographic stationary phases for separation of active substances in fixed‐dose combination drugs

Epoxide‐derived mixed‐mode chromatographic stationary phases for separation of active substances in fixed‐dose combination drugs

Profiling cocaine residues and pyrolytic products in wastewater by mixed‐mode liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Recent advances in mixed‐mode chromatographic stationary phases

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