Mixed cryoglobulinemia type II in chronic hepatitis B associated with HBe‐minus HBV mutant: Cellular immune reactions and response to interferon treatment

Löhr, Hanns; Goergen, Bernd; Weber, Wolfgang; Gödderz, W.; Büschenfelde, Karl‐Hermann Meyer zum; Gerken, Guido

doi:10.1002/jmv.1890440404

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…On the contrary, Lohr et al . described one case treated with the same pharmacological protocol, obtaining control of viral replication and disappearance of cryoglobulins. Recently, Visentini et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus‐related cryogobulinemic vasculitis. The role of antiviral nucleot(s)ide analogues: a review

Mazzaro¹,

Maso

Visentini

et al. 2019

J Intern Med

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Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) can develop in 1.2–4% of hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐infected patients. HBV infection affects about 350 million people worldwide. It can progress from acute or fulminant hepatitis to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Twenty per cent of HBV patients may develop extra‐hepatic manifestations, such as polyarteritis nodosa, glomerulonephritis, dermatitis, polyarthralgias and arthritis, lung disease, aplastic anaemia. Our review focuses on the role of antiviral agent nucleot(s)ide analogues (NAs) in treatment of HBV‐related CV. The studies in literature have demonstrated that NAs therapy in HBV‐related CV yields high virological and satisfying clinical responses in most patients with mild‐and‐moderate CV, but a low response in severe CV. Overall, NAs represent a promising therapeutic option for HBV‐related CV. Obtaining early suppression of HBV viral load should be the main virological and clinical goal in order to prevent organ complications and lymphoproliferative disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus‐related cryogobulinemic vasculitis. The role of antiviral nucleot(s)ide analogues: a review

Mazzaro¹,

Maso

Visentini

et al. 2019

J Intern Med

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“…The differences between vasculitis induced by cryoglobulins and polyarteritis nodosa are that the former affects only small size vessels, is not associated with peripheral eosinophilia, and includes no aneurysm formation. The role of antiviral treatment has not been extensively evaluated, although there are data showing that IFN-␣ has been somewhat beneficial [24].…”

Section: Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic viral hepatitis

Pyrsopoulos

Reddy

2001

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

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Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses are well-recognized causes for chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and even for hepatocellular carcinoma. Apart from liver disease, these viral infections are known to be associated with a spectrum of extrahepatic manifestations. The prevalence of clinically significant extrahepatic manifestations is relatively low, but it can be associated with significant morbidity and even mortality. An awareness and recognition of these manifestations is of paramount importance in facilitating early diagnosis and in offering treatment. However, treatments are not necessarily effective, and patients may continue with disabling extrahepatic manifestations. Hepatitis B virus has been well recognized as causing a variety of manifestations that include skin rash, arthritis, arthralgia, glomerulonephritis, polyarteritis nodosa, and papular acrodermatitis. More recently, infection with hepatitis C virus has elicited considerable interest for its role in a spectrum of extrahepatic manifestations. Among the best-reported are cryoglobulinemia, glomerulonephritis, high titer of autoantibodies, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, lichen planus, Mooren's corneal ulcer, Sjögren's syndrome, porphyria cutanea tarda, and necrotizing cutaneous vasculitis. The precise pathogenesis of these extrahepatic complications has not been determined, although the majority represent the clinical expression of autoimmune phenomena.

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“…3 Patients with HCC have a dysfunction of their cellular immunity and rectifying this imbalance in their immune function could be a potential treatment method for HCC. 4 HBV infection is also associated with B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, such as mixed cryoglobulinaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 5,6 which are, to a lesser extent, also associated with hepatitis C (HCV) infection. It is reasonable, therefore, to consider that, in addition to the host's cellular immune system, the humoral immune system is likely to be involved in HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis.…”

Section: Memory B Lymphocyte Depletion In Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased CD27 on B Lymphocytes in Patients with Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Wang

et al. 2012

J Int Med Res

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Mixed cryoglobulinemia type II in chronic hepatitis B associated with HBe‐minus HBV mutant: Cellular immune reactions and response to interferon treatment

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Hepatitis B virus‐related cryogobulinemic vasculitis. The role of antiviral nucleot(s)ide analogues: a review

Hepatitis B virus‐related cryogobulinemic vasculitis. The role of antiviral nucleot(s)ide analogues: a review

Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic viral hepatitis

Decreased CD27 on B Lymphocytes in Patients with Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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