Mixed Cations Enabled Combined Bulk and Interfacial Passivation for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract

Here, we report a mixed GAI and MAI (MGM) treatment method by forming a 2D alternating-cation-interlayer (ACI) phase (n = 2) perovskite layer on the 3D perovskite, modulating the bulk and interfacial defects in the perovskite films simultaneously, leading to the suppressed nonradiative recombination, longer lifetime, higher mobility, and reduced trap density. Consequently, the devices’ performance is enhanced to 24.5% and 18.7% for 0.12 and 64 cm2, respectively. In addition, the MGM treatment can be applied to a wide range of perovskite compositions, including MA-, FA-, MAFA-, and CsFAMA-based lead halide perovskites, making it a general method for preparing efficient perovskite solar cells. Without encapsulation, the treated devices show improved stabilities.

Preventing lead leakage in perovskite solar cells and modules with a low-cost and stable chemisorption coating

“…Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a captivating focus of research within the realm of photovoltaics 1–11 and experienced a commendable advancement in photovoltaic conversion efficiency, soaring from an initial 3.8% to a remarkable 26.14%. 12 Moreover, commendable strides have been made in the fabrication of large-area PSCs, 13–15 bolstering their potential for promising commercialization and applications in diverse fields.…”

Regulating Surface Defects to Achieve More Positive Light Soaking Effect in Perovskite Solar Cells

“…A higher electrical conductivity was observed in the treated sample, originating from the reduced surface defects and bulk defects of the treated sample. 31,32 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to identify the electronic state of the elements to obtain fundamental insight into the reference and treated samples. As shown in Figure 1e,f, it is noteworthy that the binding energies of Pb 4f and I 3d of the treated sample are shifted by 0.56 and 0.66 eV, respectively, in comparison with that of pristine perovskite.…”

“…These factors may contribute to changes in the band gap. , Additionally, the influence of tape treatment on the electrical conductivity was investigated, as shown in Figure d. A higher electrical conductivity was observed in the treated sample, originating from the reduced surface defects and bulk defects of the treated sample. , …”

Lead chemisorption: Paving the last step for industrial perovskite solar cells

“…Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a significant symbol of the third photovoltaic industry since their introduction by Kojima et al in 2019 [1]. Over the past decade, remarkable progress has been made in improving PSCs' power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) [2][3][4]. This progress can be attributed to tuning the chemical components, additive engineering, interface engineering, and efficient encapsulation technologies [5][6][7].…”