Mitochondrial Energy Depletion in Depression with Somatization

Gardner, Ann; Boles, Richard G.

doi:10.1159/000112891

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the present association of 3010A with nonspecific abdominal pain is consistent with the Boles group's previously reported association of this SNP with both migraine and CVS, conditions in which abdominal pain/discomfort is common. Although prior work has reported an association between mitochondrial dysfunction (as measured by ATP production rate in biopsied muscle) and the presence of somatic symptoms in general (19,20), in the present study, we found no association between the three mtDNA SNPs studied and the overall somatic symptom score. Further research is needed to better understand these findings.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA and gastrointestinal motor and sensory functions in health and functional gastrointestinal disorders

Camilleri

Carlson

Zinsmeister³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Our hypothesis is that these mtDNA SNPs are associated with functional GI disorders (FGIDs) and GI functions. The mt genome was first tested for the 7028C polymorphism (defining haplogroup H) in 699 patients or controls, and those with 7028C were further genotyped at 16519 and 3010. Phenotypes were based on symptoms (validated questionnaires and criteria) and GI physiology using validated motor and sensory studies. Constipation-predominant IBS and alternating constipation and diarrhea IBS are less prevalent in individuals with the 7028C mtDNA polymorphism than in individuals with 7028T. Conversely, 7028C is associated with higher maximum tolerated volume (lower satiation) compared with 7028T. Among those with 7028C, nonspecific abdominal pain (chronic abdominal pain or dyspepsia) was significantly associated with 3010A compared with 3010G (odds ratio 3.3, P ϭ 0.02), and slower gastric emptying was statistically associated with 3010G. There were no significant associations of mtDNA genotypes tested and stomach volumes, small bowel or colonic transit, rectal compliance, and motor or sensory functions. Thus variation in mtDNA may be associated with satiation, gastric emptying, and possibly pain; further studies of mtDNA in appetite regulation and larger numbers of patients with FGIDs are warranted.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA and gastrointestinal motor and sensory functions in health and functional gastrointestinal disorders

Camilleri

Carlson

Zinsmeister³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…Depressed patients presenting with somatic complaints also have low ATP production rates in biopsied muscles Boles, 2008a, Gardner andBoles, 2008b). In addition, rates of depression are increased in patients with mitochondrial disorders (Fattal et al, 2007, Koene et al, 2009).…”

Section: Mitochondrial Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of lifestyle factors that contribute to important pathways associated with major depression: Diet, sleep and exercise

Lopresti

Hood

Drummond

2013

Journal of Affective Disorders

505

412

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Research on major depression has confirmed that it is caused by an array of biopsychosocial and lifestyle factors. Diet, exercise and sleep are three such influences that play a significant mediating role in the development, progression and treatment of this condition. This review summarises animal and human-based studies on the relationship between these three lifestyle factors and major depressive disorder, and their influence on dysregulated pathways associated with depression, namely neurotransmitter processes, immuno-inflammatory pathways, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis disturbances, oxidative stress and antioxidant defence systems, neuroprogression, and mitochondrial disturbances. Increased attention in future clinical studies on the influence of diet, sleep and exercise on major depressive disorder and investigations of their effect on physiological processes will help to expand our understanding and treatment of major depressive disorder. Mental health interventions, taking into account the bidirectional relationship between these lifestyle factors and major depression are also likely to enhance the efficacy of interventions associated with this disorder.

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“…29) Researchers from the Karolinska Institute recently reported that decreased production of ATP in mitochondria may aggravate depressive disorders through the induction of high levels of somatization (physical symptoms). 30) In this study, we investigated the effect of COS in a sleep deprivation-induced fatigue model 31) in an effort to explore the utility of COS as a novel functional food with anti-fatigue effects, and examined its efficacy in terms of mitochondrial function and antioxidant activities. We discovered that COS lactate markedly decreased the severity of fatigue, as demonstrated by the decreased duration of immobility and oxidative stress and enhanced mitochondrial function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chitooligosaccharide Lactate Salt on Sleep Deprivation-Induced Fatigue in Mice

Cho

Lee

Song

et al. 2010

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Fatigue is defined as difficulty in initiating or sustaining voluntary activity.1) Despite the prevalence of fatigue in developed countries, the pathophysiology and etiology of fatigue are unknown. Several underlying mechanisms of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) have been suggested: for example, allergic and psychological factors, 2) heavy exercise, viral infection, 3) muscle damage, 4,5) CNS disorders and immunological factors.6) Recent studies have demonstrated that energy metabolism is involved in the pathophysiology of fatigue. 7) At the biochemical level, fatigue is represented as the depletion of metabolic energy available to the cells that perform a myriad of functions vital to the survival of an organism.7) Metabolic energy is generated in the form of ATP through oxidative metabolism in the mitochondria. During energy generation, however, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced which have the potential to cause mitochondrial damage. The accumulation of mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ROS is proposed as "the mitochondrial theory of aging." 8) In addition, in CFS, impairment of mitochondrial function is frequently observed as represented by reduced oxidative metabolism, 9) increased anaerobic metabolism and subsequently increased lactate production.10,11) Mitochondrial abnormalities and degeneration are also frequently found in patients with CFS,12) reflecting the crucial role of mitochondria in the development of fatigue syndrome. In line with this, a wide variety of natural health products are used or are being developed to replenish the production of cellular energy in the mitochondria. 13)Chitooligosaccharides (COS) is an oligosaccharide made from chitin or chitosan by chemical or enzymatic decomposition.14,15) COS has attracted huge attention as a new biomedical material owing to its water-soluble character and versa- COS is also used as a health food for the treatment of fatigue. It has been suggested that the anti-fatigue effect of COS is related to its improvement of peripheral circulation, anti-oxidation, immunomodulation and nutritional effects. However, the exact mechanism underlying the anti-fatigue effect of COS remains to be elucidated. Sleep disturbance causes excessive energy consumption which leads to daytime fatigue and mental enervation. 26,27) Sleep deprivation increases the levels of the stress hormone cortisol, 28) and elevated cortisol levels induce the development of depression. 29) Researchers from the Karolinska Institute recently reported that decreased production of ATP in mitochondria may aggravate depressive disorders through the induction of high levels of somatization (physical symptoms). 30)In this study, we investigated the effect of COS in a sleep deprivation-induced fatigue model 31) in an effort to explore the utility of COS as a novel functional food with anti-fatigue effects, and examined its efficacy in terms of mitochondrial function and antioxidant activities. We discovered that COS lactate markedly decreased the severity of fatigue, as demonstrated by the d...

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Mitochondrial Energy Depletion in Depression with Somatization

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

Mitochondrial DNA and gastrointestinal motor and sensory functions in health and functional gastrointestinal disorders

Mitochondrial DNA and gastrointestinal motor and sensory functions in health and functional gastrointestinal disorders

A review of lifestyle factors that contribute to important pathways associated with major depression: Diet, sleep and exercise

Effects of Chitooligosaccharide Lactate Salt on Sleep Deprivation-Induced Fatigue in Mice

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