Mitochondrial Dynamics, ROS, and Cell Signaling: A Blended Overview

Brillo, Valentina; Chieregato, Leonardo; Leanza, Luigi; Muccioli, Silvia; Costa, Roberto

doi:10.3390/life11040332

Cited by 107 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…Since the recognition of mitochondrial diseases in humans in 1962 [ 1 ], numerous studies have elucidated the physiological and pathological significance of mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are intracellular organelles, which are present in almost every cell in the body and are responsible for the production of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) [ 2 , 3 ]. Thus, in patients with mitochondrial diseases, organs that are dependent on mitochondrial production for energy may be damaged [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)

Fukunaga

2021

IJMS

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Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to contribute to mitochondrial diseases, as well as to a variety of aging-based pathologies. Mitochondria have their own genomes (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)) and the abnormalities, such as point mutations, deletions, and copy number variations, are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction. In recent years, several epidemiological studies and animal experiments have supported the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory, which states that the environment during fetal life influences the predisposition to disease and the risk of morbidity in adulthood. Mitochondria play a central role in energy production, as well as in various cellular functions, such as apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and calcium metabolism. In terms of the DOHaD theory, mtDNA copy number may be a mediator of health and disease. This paper summarizes the results of recent epidemiological studies on the relationship between environmental factors and mtDNA copy number during pregnancy from the perspective of DOHaD theory. The results of these studies suggest a hypothesis that mtDNA copy number may reflect environmental influences during fetal life and possibly serve as a surrogate marker of health risks in adulthood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)

Fukunaga

2021

IJMS

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“…In particular, mitochondrial ROS plays a prominent role in inducing inflammatory mediators and immune regulation events in various inflammation-related diseases [38][39][40]. Mitochondrial ROS affects inflammatory cytokine production via the activation of MAPK, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun n-terminal kinase, and p38 [41]. Based on this evidence, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the activities of these extracts in HNEpCs and found that GJW and GJE significantly inhibited the upregulation of mitochondrial ROS and periostin in IL-4/IL-13-treated HNEpCs in a dose-dependent manner, mirroring the effect of MitoTEMPO because these extracts function as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gardenia jasminoides Attenuates Allergic Rhinitis-Induced Inflammation by Inhibiting Periostin Production

et al. 2021

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Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the nasal mucosa of the upper airways. Herein, we investigated the effects of extracts from Gardenia jasminoides (GJ), a traditional herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties, on AR-associated inflammatory responses that cause epithelial damage. We investigated the inhibitory effects of water- and ethanol-extracted GJ (GJW and GJE, respectively) in an ovalbumin-induced AR mouse model and in splenocytes, differentiated Th2 cells, and primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs). Administering GJW and GJE to ovalbumin-induced AR mice improved clinical symptoms including behavior (sneezing and rubbing), serum cytokine levels, immune cell counts, and histopathological marker levels. Treatment with GJW and GJE reduced the secretion of Th2 cytokines in Th2 cells isolated and differentiated from the splenocytes of these mice. To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of AR, we treated IL-4/IL-13-stimulated HNEpCs with GJW and GJE; we found that these extracts significantly reduced the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species via the uncoupling protein-2 and periostin, a biomarker of the Th2 inflammatory response. Our results suggest that GJ extracts may potentially serve as therapeutic agents to improve the symptoms of AR by regulating the Th2 inflammatory response of the nasal epithelium.

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“…The LIP contributes to the intracellular ROS level through the Fenton reaction, where the Fe 2+ is converted into Fe 3+ by H 2 O 2 , producing hydroxyl radicals [183]. The excess of ROS acts as intermediates in several signaling pathways [184] and can promote podosome formation [71].…”

Section: Inorganic Nanoparticles and Invadosome Dynamicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissecting the Inorganic Nanoparticle-Driven Interferences on Adhesome Dynamics

Mulens-Arias

2021

JNT

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Inorganic nanoparticles have emerged as an attractive theranostic tool applied to different pathologies such as cancer. However, the increment in inorganic nanoparticle application in biomedicine has prompted the scientific community to assess their potential toxicities, often preventing them from entering clinical settings. Cytoskeleton network and the related adhesomes nest are present in most cellular processes such as proliferation, migration, and cell death. The nanoparticle treatment can interfere with the cytoskeleton and adhesome dynamics, thus inflicting cellular damage. Therefore, it is crucial dissecting the molecular mechanisms involved in nanoparticle cytotoxicity. This review will briefly address the main characteristics of different adhesion structures and focus on the most relevant effects of inorganic nanoparticles with biomedical potential on cellular adhesome dynamics. Besides, the review put into perspective the use of inorganic nanoparticles for cytoskeleton targeting or study as a versatile tool. The dissection of the molecular mechanisms involved in the nanoparticle-driven interference of adhesome dynamics will facilitate the future development of nanotheranostics targeting cytoskeleton and adhesomes to tackle several diseases, such as cancer.

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Mitochondrial Dynamics, ROS, and Cell Signaling: A Blended Overview

Cited by 107 publications

References 134 publications

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)

Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD)

Gardenia jasminoides Attenuates Allergic Rhinitis-Induced Inflammation by Inhibiting Periostin Production

Dissecting the Inorganic Nanoparticle-Driven Interferences on Adhesome Dynamics

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