Mitochondrial DNA Sequence and Gene Organization in the Australian Blacklip Abalone Haliotis rubra (Leach)

Abstract

The complete mitochondrial DNA of the blacklip abalone Haliotis rubra (Gastropoda: Mollusca) was cloned and 16,907 base pairs were sequenced. The sequence represents an estimated 99.85% of the mitochondrial genome, and contains 2 ribosomal RNA, 22 transfer RNA, and 13 protein-coding genes found in other metazoan mtDNA. An AT tandem repeat and a possible C-rich domain within the putative control region could not be fully sequenced. The H. rubra mtDNA gene order is novel for mollusks, separated from the black chiton Katharina tunicata by the individual translocations of 3 tRNAs. Compared with other mtDNA regions, sequences from the ATP8, NAD2, NAD4L, NAD6, and 12S rRNA genes, as well as the control region, are the most variable among representatives from Mollusca, Arthropoda, and Rhynchonelliformea, with similar mtDNA arrangements to H. rubra. These sequences are being evaluated as genetic markers within commercially important Haliotis species, and some applications and considerations for their use are discussed.

The mitochondrial genome of Conus textile, coxI–coxII intergenic sequences and Conoidean evolution

“…(A partial sequence of L. saxitalis has been published (Wilding et al, 1999). The gene arrangement in the neogastropods can be derived from that of the polyplacophoran species Katharina tunicata (Boore and Brown, 1994a) and the vetigastropoda species, Haliotis rubra (Maynard et al, 2005) mainly by two major rearrangements as described previously for L. cerithiformis (Bandyopadhyay et al, 2006).…”

“…NC_008797). Protein genes were identified by comparing the sequence of the encoded proteins to products of previously identified mt-protein genes (Bandyopadhyay et al, 2006;Boore and Brown, 1994a;Clary and Wolstenholme, 1985a;Maynard et al, 2005).…”

The mitochondrial genome of Ifremeria nautilei and the phylogenetic position of the enigmatic deep-sea Abyssochrysoidea (Mollusca: Gastropoda)

“…The gene order of the mt genome of I. nautilei was compared to the gene arrangement of other reported mollusk mitochondrial genomes (Table 1): one cephalopod, Octopus vulgaris (Yokobori et al, 2004), and 14 gastropods: one Vetigastropoda: Haliotis rubra (Maynard et al, 2005), one Neritimorpha: Nerita melanotragus (Castro and Colgan, 2010), one Patellogastropoda: Lottia digitalis (Simison et al, 2006), six Heterobranchia: Roboastra europea (Grande et al, 2002), Pyramidella dolabrata and Onchidella celtica (Grande et al, 2008), Albinaria caerulea (Hatzoglou et al, 1995), Aplysia californica (Knudsen et al, 2006), Pupa strigosa (Kurabayashi and Ueshima, 2000) and five Caenogastropoda: Oncomelania hupensis (Zhao et al, 2010), Dendropoma maximum (Rawlings et al, 2010) and Cymatium parthenopeum, Bolinus brandaris and Conus borgesi (Cunha et al, 2009). …”

Mitogenome of the small abalone Haliotis diversicolor Reeve and phylogenetic analysis within Gastropoda

“…In the remaining six genes on the negative strand, the initiation codons of two genes (nad5 and nad4) are ATA, while the other four genes (nad1, nad4L, cob and nad6) are ATG; the termination codons of two genes (nad5 and nad4) are TAA, and the other 4 genes (nad4, nad4L, cob and nad1) are TAG. It has been described that a similar strand-specific pattern of termination codon are used in H. rubra mtDNA (Maynard et al, 2005). Five genes are adjacent directly to their counterparts in mtDNA of small abalone.…”

“…To date, the complete mitogenome of blacklip abalone, H. rubra (Maynard et al, 2005) and green ormer, H. tuberculata (Van Wormhoudt et al, 2009), and nearly complete mitogenome of Pacific abalone, H. discus hannai (EU_595789) have been published. Here we report the complete mitochondrial coding region of a tropical species, small abalone H. diversicolor, which is valuable to enrich the mitogenome information of Haliotidae.…”