Mitochondrial DNA and morphological identification of a new species of Crassostrea (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) cultured for centuries in the Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong, China

Lam, Kam-Yiu; Morton, Brian

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(03)00215-1

Cited by 124 publications

(91 citation statements)

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“…Fifteen SNPs have been confirmed to fit Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (p \ 0.003) in both populations. To our knowledge, this is the first set of SNP markers developed in C. hongkongensis, which would provide valuable information in facilitating genetics and breeding studies in the future.Keywords C. hongkongensis Á SNP markers Á Transcriptome sequencing Á High resolution melting The Hong Kong oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis, one of the economically important aquaculture species endemic to coastal waters of South China Sea, has not only been cultured widely as one of the largest molluscan industries in this region (Lam and Morton 2003), but also an important component of intertidal and sub-tidal communities in estuarine ecosystem. In recent years, however, this aquaculture industry has suffered from seasonal mass mortality as well as the decline of wild seed's quantity and quality.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of SNP markers in Crassostrea hongkongensis based on the next-generation sequencing and high resolution melting analysis

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2014

Conservation Genet Resour

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Novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were screened using next generation sequencing in Hong Kong oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis. A total of 91,980 putative SNPs were identified through de novo assembly of the 454 transcriptome database, and 83 of these were selected to validate polymorphism. Using high resolution melting analysis, 17 SNP markers were developed successfully with 48 individuals from two wild populations from Shantou and Zhuhai, China. The observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.125 to 0.667 and 0 to 0.708 in the two populations, respectively, while the expected ones ranged from 0.311 to 0.511 and 0.120 to 0.511 in the two samples, respectively. Fifteen SNPs have been confirmed to fit Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium after Bonferroni correction (p \ 0.003) in both populations. To our knowledge, this is the first set of SNP markers developed in C. hongkongensis, which would provide valuable information in facilitating genetics and breeding studies in the future.Keywords C. hongkongensis Á SNP markers Á Transcriptome sequencing Á High resolution melting The Hong Kong oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis, one of the economically important aquaculture species endemic to coastal waters of South China Sea, has not only been cultured widely as one of the largest molluscan industries in this region (Lam and Morton 2003), but also an important component of intertidal and sub-tidal communities in estuarine ecosystem. In recent years, however, this aquaculture industry has suffered from seasonal mass mortality as well as the decline of wild seed's quantity and quality. Therefore, genetic improvement is demanded for the sustainable development of C. hongkongensis industry. And meanwhile, the identification of local adaptation across this geographic range is highly required from the perspective of stock management and utilization.Genetic marker is one of powerful tools in genetics studies, particularly, for genetic mapping and trait improvement. Previously, microsatellites were developed in C. hongkongensis ). However, microsatellite has the disadvantage in that its primer sites may not be quite conserved and homoplastic likely due to the high mutation rate. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are considered as the third generation markers due to their abundant genetic variations in terms of microsatellites in the genome (Vignal et al. 2002), and most of them are biallelic polymorphism, although a priori information about allelic variation in the genome is required (Schlötterer 2004). Furthermore, the most attractive feature of SNPs is their possible association with candidate genes involved in biological functions.The methods based on high-throughput sequencing could generate substantial raw data that could be used to develop molecular markers (Li et al. 2012). However, such utilization is still limited in a few of marine bivalves (Jiang et al. 2011;Gallardo-Escárate et al. 2013). Here, we sequenced the transcriptome of C. hongkongensis using next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies (unpubli...

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confidence: 99%

Development of SNP markers in Crassostrea hongkongensis based on the next-generation sequencing and high resolution melting analysis

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2014

Conservation Genet Resour

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“…Conchological distinctions used for the identification of other Crassostrea oysters were employed for the description of shell features and characteristics of the new species (Lam and Morton 2003;Qi 2004;Huber 2010), including the shape and surface sculpture, external and internal shell color, attachment area of valves and position and color of the adductor muscle scar.…”

Section: Description Of Shell Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the shape of the shell, the oyster is one of the most variable bivalves in the world (Gunter 1950), and therefore, morphology is of limited value for species identification and taxonomy de Melo et al 2010). Crassostrea oysters are widespread and the most commercially important group of oysters, and hence have received more attention concerning their taxonomy, phylogeny and population genetics (Lam and Morton 2003;Reece et al 2008;Liu et al 2011;Li et al 2013;Wu et al 2013). Currently, a total of 35 Crassostrea oysters have been confirmed by professional taxonomists and listed in taxonomic databases such as WoRMS (World Register of Marine Species, http://www.marinespecies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitochondrial DNA sequences have proven useful as molecular markers and have been successfully employed to help in species identification and to resolve taxonomic confusion in Crassostrea oysters . The Hong Kong oyster (C. hongkongensis) was the first commercially important taxa to be identified using genetic data (Lam and Morton 2003;Boudry et al 2003). Subsequently, Wang et al (2004) used mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cox1 genes to conclude that C. rivularis (the closeriver oyster) is actually a species complex comprised of two species (C. hongkongensis and C. ariakensis).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitochondrial DNA and morphological identification of a new cupped oyster speciesCrassostrea dianbaiensis(Bivalvia: Ostreidae) in the South China Sea

Xia

Xiao

et al. 2014

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-Though Crassostrea oysters have been distributed and cultured worldwide, their taxonomy is still difficult and often inaccurately determined because of the high level of phenotypic plasticity of the shell morphology. With the help of mitochondrial DNA, two novel species of Crassostrea oysters (C. hongkongensis and C. zhanjiangensis) were recently recognized, which suggests that the species diversity of Indo-Pacific oysters could be underestimated. Utilizing a combination of shell characteristics, a molecular marker (mitochondrial cox1 gene) and phylogenetic analysis, we identified a mangrove-distributed novel Crassostrea oyster species, C. dianbaiensis. The shell morphology of the new species is phenoplastic, as seen in other congeneric oysters. The left valve of this oyster is usually deeply cupped, and the right valve is usually slightly concave. The body size is classified as medium and is approximately 5-10 cm in height (estimated from 20 individuals). One distinctive feature of C. dianbaiensis is that the adductor muscle scars vary in color from dark purple to white in the right valve, but always appear white in the left valve. Based on the cox1 phylogenetic tree, C. dianbaiensis is inferred to be a new member of the Southeast Asia tropical oysters and is believed to be the northernmost distributed species among the tropical oysters. This study provided basal information for future studies, which are necessary to better understand the faunal characteristics, population and roles of this oyster in nearshore ecosystems.

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“…The oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis is endemic to the coastal waters of the South China Sea (Lam and Morton, 2003), which often experience rapid and dramatic temperature fluctuations during diurnal/tidal cycles (up to 10-20 • C within a few hours) and seasonal changes (from 10 to 35-40 • C). C. hongkongensis have evolved to acquire powerful defense mechanisms to cope with thermal stress enabling it to survive dynamic changes in climatic conditions of the intertidal region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in Thermal Adaptation of the Hong Kong Oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis by Digital Gene Expression Profiling

Zhang

Mao

et al. 2017

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Thermal exposure of sessile marine animals inhabiting estuarine intertidal regions is a serious concern with respect to their physiological processes. Organisms living in this region can be exposed to high temperature (>40 • C) during the low tide, which may affect the survival of these organisms. The Hong Kong oyster, Crassostrea hongkongensis, distributed along the coast waters of the South China Sea, is one of the dominant sessile inhabitants of marine intertidal region which undergoes large seasonal temperature fluctuations (up to 10-20 • C during diurnal cycles) every year. To cope with acute thermal stress, it has developed several adaptation mechanisms, e.g., the firmly shut of the shells. However, the genetic basis of these mechanisms remain largely unclear. To better understand how acute thermal exposure affects the biology of the oyster, two cDNA libraries obtained from the gill of oysters exposed to 37 • C thermal stress and ambient temperature were sequenced using the Digital Gene Expression (DGE) tag profiling strategy. In total, 5.9 and 6.2 million reads were obtained from thermal stress and control libraries, respectively, with approximately 74.25 and 75.02% of the reads mapping to the Crassostrea hongkongensis reference sequence. A total of 605 differentially expressed transcripts could be detected in the thermal stress group as compared to the control group, of which 378 are up-regulated and 227 are down-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that these Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were enriched with a broad spectrum of biological processes and pathways, including those associated with chaperones, antioxidants, immunity, apoptosis and cytoskeletal reorganization. Among these significantly enriched pathways, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was the most affected metabolic pathway, which plays an important role in the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER-associated degradation (ERAD) processes. Our results demonstrate the complex multi-modal cellular response to thermal stress in C. hongkongensis.

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Mitochondrial DNA and morphological identification of a new species of Crassostrea (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) cultured for centuries in the Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong, China

Cited by 124 publications

References 16 publications

Development of SNP markers in Crassostrea hongkongensis based on the next-generation sequencing and high resolution melting analysis

Development of SNP markers in Crassostrea hongkongensis based on the next-generation sequencing and high resolution melting analysis

Mitochondrial DNA and morphological identification of a new cupped oyster speciesCrassostrea dianbaiensis(Bivalvia: Ostreidae) in the South China Sea

Characterization and Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes Involved in Thermal Adaptation of the Hong Kong Oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis by Digital Gene Expression Profiling

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