Mitigation of lava flow invasion hazard through optimized barrier configuration aided by numerical simulation: The case of the 2001 Etna eruption

Scifoni, Silvia; Coltelli, M.; Marsella, Maria; Proietti, Cristina; Napoleoni, Quintilio; Vicari, Annamaria; Negro, Ciro Del

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.02.002

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The emplacement of pāhoehoe flows is influenced by both small‐ and large‐scale properties of the underlying topography (Dietterich et al, ; Fujita et al, ; Hon et al, ; Rumpf et al, ; Scifoni et al, ). At a breakout scale, Hamilton et al () estimate that topographic obstacles that are greater than ~15% of the toe's initial thickness may significantly affect the flow emplacement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Pāhoehoe Lava Emplacement Using Visible and Thermal Structure‐From‐Motion Photogrammetry

et al. 2019

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We present the evolution over 3 months of a 2016–2017 pāhoehoe flow at Kīlauea as it changed from a narrow sheet flow into a compound lava field fed by a stable system of tubes. The portion of the flow located on Kīlauea's coastal plain was characterized using helicopter‐based visible and thermal structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry to construct a series of georeferenced digital surface models and thermal maps on eight different days. Results reveal key influences on the emplacement and evolution of such long‐lived pāhoehoe flows. This region of the flow grew by ~12 × 106 m3 with a near‐constant time‐average discharge rate of 1.2–2.7 m3/s. The development of two tube systems is captured and shows an initial nascent tube enhanced by a narrow topographic confinement, which later inflated and created a topographic inversion that modulated the emplacement of a second flow lobe with its own tube system. The analysis of breakouts at various stages of the field's life suggests that the evolution of the thermal and morphological properties of the flow surface reflect its maturity. Thermal properties of breakouts were used to expand the empirical relationship of breakout cooling to longer timescales. This study contributes to the long‐term development and validation of more accurate predictive models for pāhoehoe, required during the management of long‐lasting lava flow crises in Hawai'i and elsewhere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights Into Pāhoehoe Lava Emplacement Using Visible and Thermal Structure‐From‐Motion Photogrammetry

et al. 2019

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“…This model has been successfully used at Mt. Etna to forecast the areas inundated by lava flows during several recent effusive eruptions (Hérault et al ., ; Vicari et al ., ; Ganci et al ., ), to analyse the impact of hypothetical protective barrier placement on lava‐flow diversion (Scifoni et al ., ), and to produce lava‐flow hazard maps (Del Negro et al ., ). More recently, MAGFLOW has been used to model lava‐flow emplacement conditions and eruption scenarios for future hazard assessment of Harrat Rahat, Saudi Arabia (Németh et al ., ) and Auckland Volcanic Field, New Zealand (Kereszturi et al ., ; Pedrazzi et al ., 2014).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring lava‐flow hazards at Pico Island, Azores Archipelago (Portugal)

et al. 2015

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Pico, the youngest island of the Azores Archipelago (Portugal), is characterized by a central volcano and a 30‐km‐long fissure zone. Its eruption rate is the highest of the Azores islands, with more than 35 eruptions in the last 2000 years. Here, we estimate the lava‐flow hazard for Pico Island by combining the vent opening probability derived from the spatial distribution of eruptive fissures, the classes of expected eruptions inferred from the physical and chemical characteristics of historical eruptions, and the lava‐flow paths simulated by the MAGFLOW model. The most likely area to host new eruptions is along a WNW–ESE trend centred on the central volcano, with the highest hazard affecting the two main residential zones of Lajes do Pico and Madalena. Our analysis is the first attempt to assess the lava‐flow hazard for Pico Island, and may have important implications for decision‐making in territorial management and future land‐use planning.

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“…To simulate lava flow emplacement in space and time, we employed the MAGFLOW model [ Vicari et al , 2007; Del Negro et al , 2008], previously used to reproduce the lava flow paths during the 2004, 2006 and 2008 Etna eruptions [ Del Negro et al , 2008; Herault et al , 2009; Bonaccorso et al , 2011]. More recently, it was applied to more sophisticated issues including the impact evaluation of protective barriers placement on lava flow diversion [ Scifoni et al , 2010] and the production of a hazard map for lava flow invasion on Etna [ Cappello et al , 2010].…”

Section: Scenario Forecasting Using Magflow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-real-time forecasting of lava flow hazards during the 12-13 January 2011 Etna eruption

Vicari

Ganci

Behncke

et al. 2011

Geophys. Res. Lett.

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Forecasting the lava flow invasion hazard in near‐real time is a primary challenge for volcano monitoring systems. The paroxysmal episode at Mount Etna on 12–13 January 2011 produced in ∼4 hours lava fountains and fast‐moving lava flows 4.3 km long. We produced timely predictions of the areas likely to be inundated by lava flows while the eruption was still ongoing. We employed infrared satellite data (MODIS, AVHRR, SEVIRI) to estimate in near‐real‐time lava eruption rates (peak value of 60 m3 s−1). These time‐varying discharge rates were then used to drive MAGFLOW simulations to chart the spread of lava as a function of time. Based on a classification on durations and lava volumes of ∼130 paroxysms at Etna in the past 13 years, and on lava flow path simulations of expected eruptions, we constructed a lava flow invasion hazard map for summit eruptions, providing a rapid response to the impending hazard. This allowed key at‐risk areas to be rapidly and appropriately identified.

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Mitigation of lava flow invasion hazard through optimized barrier configuration aided by numerical simulation: The case of the 2001 Etna eruption

Cited by 39 publications

References 19 publications

Insights Into Pāhoehoe Lava Emplacement Using Visible and Thermal Structure‐From‐Motion Photogrammetry

Insights Into Pāhoehoe Lava Emplacement Using Visible and Thermal Structure‐From‐Motion Photogrammetry

Exploring lava‐flow hazards at Pico Island, Azores Archipelago (Portugal)

Near-real-time forecasting of lava flow hazards during the 12-13 January 2011 Etna eruption

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