Mitigation of adverse effects of heat stress on Vicia faba by exogenous application of magnesium

Abstract

The effects of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on the growth performance, oxidative damage, DNA damage, and photosynthetic pigment synthesis, as well as on the activity level of carbonic anhydrase (CA), ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), and antioxidant enzymes were studied in Vicia faba L. plants exposed to heat stress (HS) and non-heat-stress (non-HS) conditions. Seeds were grown in pots containing a 1:1 mixture of sand and peat, with Mg treatments. The treatments consisted of (i) 0 Mg and non-HS (ambient temperature; control); (ii) 50 mM Mg; (iii) HS (38 °C); and (iv) 50 mM Mg and HS (38 °C). HS was imposed by placing potted plants in an incubator at 38 °C for 48 h. Growth attributes, total chlorophyll (Total Chl), and CA, and Rubisco activity decreased in plants subjected to HS, whereas accumulation of organic solutes [proline (Pro) and glycine betaine (GB)]; superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activity; DNA damage; electrolyte leakage (EL); and malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content all increased. Application of Mg, however, significantly enhanced further proline (Pro), glycinebetaine (GB), SOD, POD, and CAT activity, and decreased DNA damage, EL, and MDA and H2O2 concentrations. These results suggest that adequate supply of Mg is not only essential for plant growth and development, but also improves plant tolerance to HS by suppressing cellular damage induced by reactive oxygen species through the enhancement of the accumulation of Pro and GB, and the actions of antioxidant enzymes.

Magnesium Foliar Supplementation Increases Grain Yield of Soybean and Maize by Improving Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism and Antioxidant Metabolism

“…This change is related to the additional application of Mg combined with to the rapid absorption of the element by the leaves and its high mobility in the phloem [ 26 ]. This increased Mg concentration may improve growth parameters due to the important roles that Mg plays in plant metabolism, especially those related to chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and carbon assimilation, in addition to activating numerous key chloroplast enzymes [ 21 , 23 , 27 ]. Interestingly, in most cases, it is difficult to change the leaf concentration of macronutrients through foliar spraying [ 28 ]; however, even with the absence of effect on plant nutrition, additional supply of macroelements during periods of high need by plants, may have increased the plant metabolism [ 29 ].…”

“…Numerous studies reported the beneficial effect of Mg spraying to relieve environmental stresses in crops, such as drought stress [ 29 ], heat stress [ 20 , 27 ], and soil acidity stress [ 54 ], and temperature [ 30 ] by improving the antioxidant metabolism and reducing the cell damages. During the drought stress, there is a reduction in the use of the energy captured in the photosynthesis reaction centers [ 55 ].…”

Thermomagnesium: A By-Product of Ni Ore Mining as a Clean Fertilizer Source for Maize

“…Thus, by-products such as TM provide a sustainable alternative for supplying Mg for cropping systems [12]. Supplying Mg to maize may improve crop growth and yield because of the important roles of Mg in plant metabolism, especially in photosynthesis and the activation of numerous key chloroplast enzymes [22,44,49,50].…”

Evaluation of Requirements and Efficiency Parameters in the Use, Absorption, and Translocation of Nutrients in the Production of Hymenaea courbaril L. Seedlings, a Fruit Tree of Neotropical Importance

“…Moreover, Mg is fundamental for a series of enzymatic activities and the synthesis of some proteins (Marschner, 2011;Shaul, 2002). Recent studies have also revealed a role of Mg in relieving stress caused by adverse growth conditions, such as aluminum, Mn and Pb toxicity (Bose et al, 2011;Kong et al, 2020;Gransee & Führs, 2013;Shen et al, 2016), photooxidative damage (Cakmak & Kirkby, 2008;Hauer-Já kli & Trä nkner, 2019), and heat stress (Mengutay et al, 2013;Siddiqui et al, 2018).…”