Mitigating lockdown challenges in response to COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa

Mboera, Leonard E. G.; Akipede, George O.; Banerjee, Amitava; Cuevas, Luís E.; Czypionka, Thomas; Khan, Mishal; Kock, Richard; McCoy, David; Mmbaga, Blandina T.; Misinzo, Gerald; Shayo, Elizabeth H.; Sheel, Meru; Sindato, Calvin; Urassa, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.018

Cited by 52 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although delays in consultations were noted in most hospitals all over the world (even in developed countries) during this pandemic, it should be noted that the reasons were different [23]. Due to financial difficulties, recourse to alternative medicine in our case could also be a cause of delay in seeking adequate care [9,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Decrease in Hospitalizations and Increase in Deaths during the Covid-19 Epidemic in a Pediatric Hospital, Yaounde-Cameroon and Prediction for the Coming Months

Chelo

Nkwelle

Nguefack

et al. 2020

Fetal and Pediatric Pathology

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic reached Cameroon in March, 2020. The aim of this study was to unveil the consequences of this pandemic on hospitalizations and on mortality in a pediatric hospital. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out using hospitalization and death statistics collected from a pediatric hospital. We compared the data before and after the pandemic and made predictions for the next 12 months. Results: A drastic drop in hospitalizations was noted coinciding with the partial lockdown in Cameroon. Paradoxically, at the same time, the number of deaths per month doubled though the causes remained the same as in the past. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic was marked by drop in hospitalizations and paradoxically, an increase in child mortality. These deaths were probably due not to SARS-Cov-2 infection, but rather due to the usual illnesses whose management was delayed, a probable consequence of the confinement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…In order to limit hardship, countries have taken accompanying measures, especially in the economic sector [7,8]. These measures were based on the economic situation of each country [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decrease in Hospitalizations and Increase in Deaths during the Covid-19 Epidemic in a Pediatric Hospital, Yaounde-Cameroon and Prediction for the Coming Months

Chelo

Nkwelle

Nguefack

et al. 2020

Fetal and Pediatric Pathology

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“…Using this matrix, we define lockdown as a set of measures aimed at reducing transmission of COVID-19 that are mandatory, applied indiscriminately to a general population and involve some restrictions on the established pattern of social and economic life . This definition has been refined from an earlier published version 9 and excludes measures that are compulsory but targeted at individuals or applied discriminately to selected premises (eg, the closure of the Wuhan food market which was initially believed to be a point source of infection). It also excludes population-wide measures which are compulsory but do not involve a significant restriction on freedom or the established pattern of social and economic life—for example, being required to wear facemasks (FMs) in public or having to abide by physical distancing (PD) stipulations in public.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lockdown measures in response to COVID-19 in nine sub-Saharan African countries

et al. 2020

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Lockdown measures have been introduced worldwide to contain the transmission of COVID-19. However, the term ‘lockdown’ is not well-defined. Indeed, WHO’s reference to ‘so-called lockdown measures’ indicates the absence of a clear and universally accepted definition of the term ‘lockdown’. We propose a definition of ‘lockdown’ based on a two-by-two matrix that categorises different communicable disease measures based on whether they are compulsory or voluntary; and whether they are targeted at identifiable individuals or facilities, or whether they are applied indiscriminately to a general population or area. Using this definition, we describe the design, timing and implementation of lockdown measures in nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa: Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. While there were some commonalities in the implementation of lockdown across these countries, a more notable finding was the variation in the design, timing and implementation of lockdown measures. We also found that the number of reported cases is heavily dependent on the number of tests carried out, and that testing rates ranged from 2031 to 63 928 per million population up until 7 September 2020. The reported number of COVID-19 deaths per million population also varies (0.4 to 250 up until 7 September 2020), but is generally low when compared with countries in Europe and North America. While lockdown measures may have helped inhibit community transmission, the pattern and nature of the epidemic remains unclear. However, there are signs of lockdown harming health by affecting the functioning of the health system and causing social and economic disruption.

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“…The pandemic has shown that close proximity exposes subjects to risk of contamination and community spread (Mboera et al 2020). As mentioned above, the physical classroom with 'intimately' seated learners in close physical contact and a teacher who is also in close physical propinquity in a confined (walled) room, is the typical architecture for classrooms across the world.…”

Section: About 'Intimate' Proximity In the Teaching Learning And Assmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Thinking the Humanities Curriculum in the Time of Covid-19

Koopman¹,

Koopman²

2020

Alternation African Scholarship Book Series

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Alternation research groups have made decisive and far-sighted knowledge production contributions in the interdisciplinary Arts and Humanities arena for more than twenty-five years. From 2020, it adds the Alternation African Scholarship Book Series (AASBS) to its research outputs system. Via its incisive thematically-focused inter-, multi-, and transdisciplinary, as well as digitally-informed, research approaches, the AASBS not only advances the frontiers of knowledge in Africa's institutions of Higher Learning in designated focus areas, but also critically generates scholarship of, by and with the people(s) of our continent. Historically the research draws on the rich traditions of interactive African intellectualisations, from its earliest civilisations, through struggles for liberation and freedom, to independence and growth. It opens up future epistemic opportunities through intellectual initiative and resourcefulness, while critically contributing to the international advancement of knowledge on all relevant levels. Contributing to research-led constructive, transformative and substantial discourse development in our programmes and disciplines, it also aims at impacting the wellbeing of our people foundationally and all-inclusively in the present. All forms of scientific and social challenge which Africa's societies and communities face, need to be problematised and researched in the Arts and Humanities, in the interest of cooperative and conscientious responsible knowledge generation and foundational conceptual and methodological research impacts. We serve the hopes and aspirations of the people of Africa. AASBS is committed to the highest levels of inclusive, factually correct and critical, sociallyresponsive and socially-accountable evidence-based research analyses and outputs. Each chapter is reviewed by at least two independent peer reviewers. Through its editing and peerreview system, each volume also builds research leadership, research expertise, and

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Mitigating lockdown challenges in response to COVID-19 in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 52 publications

References 5 publications

Decrease in Hospitalizations and Increase in Deaths during the Covid-19 Epidemic in a Pediatric Hospital, Yaounde-Cameroon and Prediction for the Coming Months

Decrease in Hospitalizations and Increase in Deaths during the Covid-19 Epidemic in a Pediatric Hospital, Yaounde-Cameroon and Prediction for the Coming Months

Lockdown measures in response to COVID-19 in nine sub-Saharan African countries

Re-Thinking the Humanities Curriculum in the Time of Covid-19

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