1996
DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(96)04401-1
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Mistletoe lectins I, II and III induce the production of cytokines by cultured human monocytes

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Cited by 65 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…Twenty eight cytokine genes were upregulated by VCA (including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), and five of the genes were upregulated more than 10-fold. The above observations are consistent with the previous studies (Frantz, 1989;Beuth et al, 1994;Riberéau-Gayon et al, 1996) which showed that low non-toxic concentrations of mistletoe lectin can stimulate animal or human macrophages/monocytes. Taken together, these data suggest that a specific network of chemokine genes is activated by VCA, and that this activation is accompanied by a similar activation of the cytokine network.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Twenty eight cytokine genes were upregulated by VCA (including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), and five of the genes were upregulated more than 10-fold. The above observations are consistent with the previous studies (Frantz, 1989;Beuth et al, 1994;Riberéau-Gayon et al, 1996) which showed that low non-toxic concentrations of mistletoe lectin can stimulate animal or human macrophages/monocytes. Taken together, these data suggest that a specific network of chemokine genes is activated by VCA, and that this activation is accompanied by a similar activation of the cytokine network.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 93%
“…The lesser secretion of TNF-α might be related to a passive release of cytokines following the secretion of IL-1. These results are consistent with the previous reports on the secretion of cytokines (Hajto et al, 1990;Männel et al, 1991;Hostanska et al, 1995;Riberéau-Gayon et al, 1996;Möckel et al, 1997 Other genes modulated by VCA Among the Fc receptors, the gene coding for FCAR (Fc fragment of IgA receptor) was increased whereas genes coding for FCER1A (Fc fragment of IgE receptor, high affinity I), FCER1G (Fc fragment of IgE receptor, high affinity I, gamma polypeptide), FCGR2C (Fc fragment of IgG receptor, low affinity IIc (CD32)), and FCGRT (Fc fragment of IgG receptor, transporter, alpha) were decreased. Among growth factors, FGF6 (fibroblast growth factor 6), FLT1 (fms-related tyrosine kinase 1), and DTR (diphtheria toxin receptor (heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor)) were increased, and MST1 (macrophage stimulating 1 (hepatocyte growth factor-like)), NRG1 (neuregulin 1), and PDGFD (platelet derived growth factor D) were decreased (Table I and II).…”
Section: Gene Modulation Of Cytokines By Vcasupporting
confidence: 94%
“…In addition, it has been reported that some bacterial toxins, such as verotoxin, which has the same enzymatic activity and intracellular vesicle trafficking pathway as type 2 RIPs, induce cytokines secretion, and it is considered that the toxin-mediated release of cytokines may have a role in the pathogenesis of the toxin-producing bacteria [28,29]. Mistletoe lectin belonging to type 2 RIP has also been reported to induce TNF-a secretion from human monocytes and T cells [30,31]. Thus, it seems likely that cytotoxic lectins especially type 2 RIPs have an ability to induce multiple cytokines from various cell types as a common biochemical feature.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…TNF-α and IL-1, and to a variable degree IL-6, were stimulated by mistletoe lectins in cultured mononuclear cells of healthy volunteers. 21 ML-I may enhance cytotoxic NK-cell activity by augmentation of IL-12 secretion. 22 Purified ML-I was shown to increase secretion of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 in vitro from PMNC derived from patient samples.…”
Section: Effects Of Mistletoe On the Immune Systemmentioning
confidence: 99%