Mississippi Valley-Type, Sedex, and Iron Deposits in Lower Cretaceous Rocks of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain

Velasco, Francisco; Herrero, J. M.; Gil, Pedro Pablo; Álvarez, Leyre Pérez; Yusta, Iñaki

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03054-7_15

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These fluids circulated along fractures (fracture porosity) irrespective of the host limestone facies. As During the middle Cretaceous, a regional-scale fluid throughflow area was formed in the Ranero massif (Velasco et al 1994;Grandia et al 2003) owing to the onset of an overlapping stepover between the Cabuérniga and Ruahermosa basement faults. This generated a dilational jog in the overlapped area (López-Horgue et al 2010).…”

Section: Interplay Between Fracturing and Fluid-flow: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between fracturing and hydrothermal fluid flow in the Asón Valley hydrothermal dolomites (Basque–Cantabrian Basin, Spain)

Iriarte

López‐Horgue

Schroeder

et al. 2012

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In Asón Valley hydrothermal dolomite area (Basque–Cantabrian Basin, northern Spain), an overlapping stepover area between two major basement faults, the Cabuerniga and Ruahermosa transtensional faults, was the location for different scales and types of extensive fractures. This fracture mesh affected the Albian Ranero limestone and was formed in a dilational jog, a regional fluid throughflow area. It acted as pathway for overpressured fluids that controlled the dolomite mineralization in the Ranero massif area. The study of synchronous structural features, fluid flow channelling and dolomitization processes indicated their tectonic control. The fluid circulated and concentrated preferentially in more fractured areas with increased permeability, such as extensional chimneys, creating dolomite bodies. Repeated extensive tectonic activity enhanced fracture porosity, promoting overpressured fluid migration and cyclical dolomitization events. The studied fracture pattern suggests the presence of sinistral transtension during the formation of extensional joint-sets that channellized the mineralizing fluid-flow. A gradation in structural features and dolomite facies and textures is visible from the main Pozalagua fault dolomite body to peripheral dolomite bodies as the Breccia body and Ranero megajoints. These differences could reflect a proximal–distal trend from the main fluid-flow area along the Pozalagua fault to the Ranero megajoints.

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Section: Interplay Between Fracturing and Fluid-flow: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay between fracturing and hydrothermal fluid flow in the Asón Valley hydrothermal dolomites (Basque–Cantabrian Basin, Spain)

Iriarte

López‐Horgue

Schroeder

et al. 2012

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“…Enlarging the picture to the Basque-Cantabrian Basin (BCB) and its ore geology, the Ranero case can be viewed as a high temperature, Fe-poor end-member within a large variety of carbonate-hosted Fe-Zn-Pb deposits: the opposite endmember is represented by the relatively lower temperatureand very Fe-rich -La Troya deposit (Velasco et al, 1994), and intermediate members include typical MVT deposits such as Reocín (Velasco et al, 2003) and perhaps Itxaspe (Piqué et al, 2009). Note that in this picture the Bilbao Fe-carbonate ores (e.g., Simon et al, 1999), which are both Fe-rich and record rather high fluid inclusion temperatures, are set apart because they are hosted in shallow marine limestones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ranero Hydrothermal Dolomites (Albian, Karrantza Valley, Northwest Spain): Implications on Conceptual Dolomite Models

Nader

López‐Horgue

Shah

et al. 2012

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Résumé -Les dolomies hydrothermales de Ranero (Albien, vallée de la Karrantza, nord-ouest de l'Espagne) : conséquences sur les modèles génétiques -Les modalités de gisement, la pétrographie, la géochimie et certaines caractéristiques pétrophysiques des corps dolomitiques associées aux failles dans la zone de Ranero (vallée de la Karrantza, nord-ouest de l'Espagne) sont présentées dans cette étude. Les corps dolomitiques sont encaissés dans des carbonates de plateforme déposés durant l'Albien dans le Bassin Basque-Cantabrique. Les dolomies sont formées au cours d'épisodes hydrothermaux successifs par remplacement ou précipitation -dans les vides laissés par une karstification superficielle et hypogène -et sont étroitement associées à un ensemble de failles et de fractures. La formation des dolomies est précédée et suivie par des dépôts de calcite hydrothermale. L'étude minéralogique et géochimique (XRD, ICP-MS/OES, XRF, isotopes stables et Sr radiogénique) permet de distinguer plusieurs stades de formation. Les dolomies sont ferreuses (au début) ou non-ferreuses (plus tard). Elles sont presque stoechiométriques et présentent une gamme de compositions isotopiques appauvries en δ 18 O (-18,7 à -10,5 ‰ V-PDB) qui témoigne de la multiplicité des stades de dolomitisation et de la température élevée des fluides (150-200 °C). La formation de ces dolomies est précédée et suivie par des stylolithisations conformes à la stratification, ce qui suggère un âge fini-Albien des circulations. La chimie des dolomies, celle des silicates authigènes associés et les relations géométriques de remplacement conduisent à postuler l'action de deux types contrastés de fluides dolomitisants. Chacun d'eux est vraisemblablement dérivé de saumures sulfatées et/ou issues de la compaction, mais ils circulent ensuite dans des environnements lithologiques distincts (silicaté riche en Fe vs carbonaté pauvre en Fe) où la réduction thermique des sulfates les fait évoluer vers des propriétés contrastées : soit vers une composition acide et ferreuse (à même de précipiter une dolomie ferreuse par remplacement de calcaire), soit vers une composition pauvre en Fe et riche en S réduit (réactifs avec la dolomie ferreuse). Les moteurs de ces circulations sont peu contraints par nos observations, mais les deux types de fluides sont visiblement drainés par les failles traversant la bordure de la plateforme et qui sont associées aux diapirs.

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“…Although this conclusion had been, in part, previously proposed by Vadala (1981), Bustillo and Ordóñez (1995), and Velasco et al (1994Velasco et al ( , 2000, definitive evidence for an epigenetic origin based on geologic, mineralogic, and geochemical features was not available. Based mainly on the stratiform morphology of the southwestern part of the deposit (Capa Sur) and an interpretation of sulfur isotope data, Arribas et al (2000) proposed a syngenetic origin (Sedex).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…As with many carbonate-hosted zinc-lead deposits, the controversy about the genesis of the Reocin deposit has been mainly between proponents of a syngenetic origin (Monseur, 1967;Monseur and Pel, 1972), and an early to late epigenetic origin (Vadala, 1981;Vadala et al, 1981;Barbanson, 1987;Rohou, 1989;Seebold et al, 1992;Velasco et al, 1994;Bustillo and Ordóñez, 1995) that involves replacement and infilling of the karstic cavities in dolomitized limestones. Mineralogy, ore textures, location at the edge of a sedimentary basin in platform carbonate host rocks, geologic controls by the intersection of faults, and previously karstified dolomite, provide clear evidence for an epigenetic origin of the ores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology and Geochemistry of the Reocin Zinc-Lead Deposit, Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain

Velasco¹,

Herrero²,

Yusta³

et al. 2003

Economic Geology

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Mississippi Valley-Type, Sedex, and Iron Deposits in Lower Cretaceous Rocks of the Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

Interplay between fracturing and hydrothermal fluid flow in the Asón Valley hydrothermal dolomites (Basque–Cantabrian Basin, Spain)

Interplay between fracturing and hydrothermal fluid flow in the Asón Valley hydrothermal dolomites (Basque–Cantabrian Basin, Spain)

The Ranero Hydrothermal Dolomites (Albian, Karrantza Valley, Northwest Spain): Implications on Conceptual Dolomite Models

Geology and Geochemistry of the Reocin Zinc-Lead Deposit, Basque-Cantabrian Basin, Northern Spain

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