Miscellaneous taxonomic notes on Aizoaceae

Hartmann, H. E. K.

doi:10.25223/brad.n14.1996.a6

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Subsequently, additional species have been described, based mainly on the 8-locular capsules and connate leaves, however, the absence of valve wings and keel characters are no longer diagnostic for the genus. The artificial nature of the genus was noted by Hartmann (1996) and Klak (2010), who speculated that Octopoma may not be monophyletic. Two groups were identified by Hartmann (1996) Hartmann's (1996) first group but representing the two geographical groupings of Klak (2010), were included in the phylogeny of Klak & al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Conicosia pugioniformis N.E.Br. These taxa were selected as outgroups as, together with Drosanthemeae, they represent the tribes most closely related to Ruschieae, Dorotheantheae and Apatesieae (Hartmann, 1996;Klak & al., 2003bKlak & al., , 2013. Nuclear regions were excluded as they have been shown to be problematic (Klak & al., 2013), indicating gene duplication or multiple copies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phylogenetic position and relationships of Arenifera remain uncertain as the genus has not been sampled in any phylogenetic studies. An affinity with Psammophora Dinter & Schwantes has been postulated (Bolus, 1927;Herre, 1948;Hartmann, 1996), based on the distinctly sticky leaves. However, Psammophora does not share multilocular capsules with Arenifera (Hartmann, 2001), and therefore the placement of Arenifera in the subfamily is unclear.…”

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is a genus of woody shrubs with multilocular capsules, comprised of nine species distributed across the Succulent Karoo (Hartmann, 2001). The genus was last revised by Hartmann (1996), where it was suggested that the circumscription of the genus may be unnatural. The possible polyphyly of the genus was highlighted by Klak & al.…”

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arenifera A.G.J.Herre is a shrubby genus with multilocular capsules, and includes four species occurring in the Succulent Karoo (Hartmann, 1996(Hartmann, , 2001). The phylogenetic position and relationships of Arenifera remain uncertain as the genus has not been sampled in any phylogenetic studies.…”

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic placement and generic re‐circumscriptions of the multilocular genera Arenifera, Octopoma and Schlechteranthus (Aizoaceae: Ruschieae): Evidence from anatomical, morphological and plastid DNA data

Powell

Boatwright

Klak

et al. 2016

TAXON

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Ruschieae is the largest tribe in the highly speciose subfamily Ruschioideae (Aizoaceae). A generic-level phylogeny for the tribe was recently produced, providing new insights into relationships between the taxa. Octopoma and Arenifera are woody shrubs with multilocular capsules and are distributed across the Succulent Karoo. Octopoma was shown to be polyphyletic in the tribal phylogeny, but comprehensive sampling is required to confirm its polyphyly. Arenifera has not previously been sampled and therefore its phylogenetic placement in the tribe is uncertain. In this study, phylogenetic sampling for nine plastid regions matK, rpl16, rps16, was expanded to include all species of Octopoma and Arenifera, to assess phylogenetic placement and relationships of these genera. Three phylogenetic analyses were carried out, maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Leaf anatomical sections were studied to further inform generic circumscriptions. The phylogenies showed Octopoma to be polyphyletic, with the type, O. octojuge, and the related O. nanum, resolved as sister to Zeuktophyllum and Smicrostigma, while the other species were placed in the Conophytum-clade. Arenifera was also shown to be polyphyletic, with the type, A. pillansii, placed in the xeromorphic-clade, and the remainder of the species recovered among the Octopoma species in the Conophytum-clade (forming the Octopoma subglobosum-Arenifera spinescens subclade). Generic affinities of the O. subglobosum-A. spinescens subclade were assessed in relation to the sister taxon Schlechteranthus. The leaf anatomy was found to be informative within the study group. Bladder cells were observed in Arenifera pillansii, a hypodermis in Little Karoo Octopoma (O. octojuge, O. nanum, O. quadrisepalum) and epidermal cells forming blunt papillae in Schlechteranthus and the O. subglobosum-A. spinescens subclade. Upon assessment of the anatomical, morphological and phylogenetic data, Schlechteranthus is here expanded to include the species in the O. subglobosum-A. spinescens subclade. Eight new combinations are made in Schlechteranthus. As a result, Arenifera is again monotypic and the circumscription of Octopoma is refined to include three species restricted to the Little Karoo. Two subgenera within Schlechteranthus s.l. (subg. Schlechteranthus, subg. Microphyllus) are erected to accommodate differences in leaf size, capsule size, closing body size and locule number.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Version Of Recordmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic placement and generic re‐circumscriptions of the multilocular genera Arenifera, Octopoma and Schlechteranthus (Aizoaceae: Ruschieae): Evidence from anatomical, morphological and plastid DNA data

Powell

Boatwright

Klak

et al. 2016

TAXON

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Phylogeny of the Dorotheantheae (Aizoaceae), a tribe of succulent annuals

Klak

Bruyns²

2012

TAXON

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Dorotheantheae (Aizoaceae) is a small tribe of succulent annual herbs with flat leaves belonging to the generaAethephyllum, Cleretum and Dorotheanthus, which are endemic to the winter–rainfall region of South Africa. Several species are well–known for their conspicuous and striking flowers but others possess very inconspicuous flowers. Analysis of molecular data from combined plastid and nuclear sequences shows that Dorotheanthus is monophyletic while Cleretum is diphyletic, since the two species of Cleretum with lyrate leaves are most closely related to the vegetatively similar, monotypic Aethephyl–lum. In the absence of clear, diagnostic characteristics for separating Cleretum and Dorotheanthus, a revised classification for the Dorotheantheae is proposed in which the tribe consists of a single genus, Cleretum. Within Cleretum, we recognize 14 species, by raising/re–instating two subspecies to species rank and including two that are still undescribed. The major clades occupy distinct climatic and edaphic niches. Repeated shifting from large to small flowers may indicate changes in the breeding system. Since succulence in annuals is rare in the winter–rainfall region of southern Africa, we compare patterns of distribution between Dorotheantheae and the other leaf–succulent annuals in the region, namely in Mesembryanthemum (Aizoaceae) and in Crassula (Crassulaceae). We find that similar to the non–succulent annuals of the Poaceae and the Brassicaceae in this region, the annual species of Mesembryanthemum show a preference for arid areas. In contrast, in Dorotheantheae and in Crassula the hot–spots of diversity lie mainly in the wetter parts of the winter–rainfall area, with a decrease in the number of annual species northwards to the arid, winter–rainfall areas of the Richtersveld and the southern Namib.

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Phiambolia Ruschioideae

Hartmann¹

2017

Aizoaceae

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Miscellaneous taxonomic notes on Aizoaceae

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Phylogenetic placement and generic re‐circumscriptions of the multilocular genera Arenifera, Octopoma and Schlechteranthus (Aizoaceae: Ruschieae): Evidence from anatomical, morphological and plastid DNA data

Phylogenetic placement and generic re‐circumscriptions of the multilocular genera Arenifera, Octopoma and Schlechteranthus (Aizoaceae: Ruschieae): Evidence from anatomical, morphological and plastid DNA data

Phylogeny of the Dorotheantheae (Aizoaceae), a tribe of succulent annuals

Phiambolia Ruschioideae

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