miRTarBase 2016: updates to the experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions database

Chou, Chih‐Hung; Chang, Nai Wen; Shrestha, Sirjana; Hsu, Sheng Da; Lin, Yuling; Lee, Wei Hsiang; Yang, Chi; Hong, Hsiao Chin; Wei, Ting; Tu, Siang Jyun; Tsai, Tzi Ren; Ho, Shu Yi; Jian, Ting Yan; Wu, Hung Tsung; Chen, Pin Rong; Lin, Nai Chieh; Huang, Hsin Tzu; Yang, Tzu Ling; Pai, Chung Yuan; Tai, Chun San; Chen, Wen Liang; Huang, Chia-Yen; Liu, Chun Chi; Weng, Shun Long; Liao, Kuang Wen; Hsu, Wen Lian

doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1258

Cited by 1,388 publications

(860 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(75 reference statements)

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“…It is believed that in mammals including humans, miRNAs may regulate more than 50% of all protein-encoding genes [15]. Ever since their discovery, the number of newly identified human miRNAs has been increasing constantly, and more than 2500 known sequences have been identified thus far [16]. This corresponds to approximately 1-4% of all expressed genes in humans, and thus, miRNAs are currently considered as one of the largest classes of gene regulators [17][18][19].…”

Section: Mirna Biogenesis and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

Florczuk¹,

Szpechcinski²,

Chorostowska‐Wynimko³

2017

Targ Oncol

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Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Up to 85% of lung cancer cases are diagnosed as nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The effectiveness of NSCLC treatment is expected to be improved through the implementation of robust and specific biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding molecules that play a key role in the regulation of basic cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, by controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.

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Section: Mirna Biogenesis and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

Florczuk¹,

Szpechcinski²,

Chorostowska‐Wynimko³

2017

Targ Oncol

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“…Four miRNAs (miR-18a, miR-15a, miR-107, and miR-425) were more highly expressed in women with ERpositive breast cancer than in healthy controls (35). In the latest version of miRTarBase (36), there are 28 genes (including ESR1 and ATM) that have been validated experimentally by at least 2 methods (reporter assay, Western blotting, qPCR, microarray, next-generation sequencing, or pSILAC experiments; Supplementary Table S5). Gene ontology data indicate that the gene functions are enriched for gene transcription, apoptosis regulation, and intracellular signaling cascade (Supplementary Table S6).…”

Section: Er-bbb Casementioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of miR-18a and miR-210 in Normal Breast Tissue as Candidate Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Risk

Shidfar

Scholtens

Bischof

et al. 2017

Cancer Prevention Research

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miRNAs are noncoding RNAs with abnormal expression in breast cancer; their expression in high-risk benign breast tissue may relate to breast cancer risk. We examined miRNA profiles in contralateral unaffected breasts (CUB) of patients with breast cancer and validated resulting candidates in two additional sample sets. Expression profiles of 754 mature miRNAs were examined using TaqMan Low Density Arrays in 30 breast cancer samples [15 estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and 15 ERnegative] and paired CUBs and 15 reduction mammoplasty controls. Pairwise comparisons identified miRNAs with significantly differential expression. Seven candidate miRNAs were examined using qRT-PCR in a second CUB sample set (40 cases, 20 ERþ, 20 ERÀ) and 20 reduction mammoplasty controls. Further validation was performed in 80 benign breast biopsy (BBB) samples; 40 from cases who subsequently developed breast cancer and 40 from controls who did not. Logistic regression, using tertiles of miRNA expression, was used to discriminate cases from controls. Seven miRNAs were differentially expressed in tumors and CUBs versus reduction mammoplasty samples. Among them, miR-18a and miR-210 were validated in the second CUB set, showing significantly higher expression in tumor and CUBs than in reduction mammoplasty controls. The expression of miR-18a and miR-210 was also significantly higher in BBB cases than in BBB controls. When both miR-18a and miR-210 were expressed in the upper tertiles in BBB, OR for subsequent cancer was 3.20, P ¼ 0.023. miR-18a and miR-210 are expressed at higher levels in CUBs of patients with breast cancer, and in BBB prior to cancer development, and are therefore candidate breast cancer risk biomarkers.

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“…The most important limitation is the low specificity of these small RNA molecules on targets, as one microRNA could inhibit several mRNAs, leading to a high theoretical risk of off‐target effects. For example, miR‐9 is predicted to target 1377, 545, and 683 mRNAs using TargetScan7.1 (Agarwal, Bell, Nam & Bartel, 2015), miRDB (Wong & Wang, 2015) and PicTar (Krek et al., 2005), respectively; to date, up to 360 validated targets are listed in miRTarBase (Chou et al., 2016). Therefore, it will be imperative to evaluate the off‐target effects of this miRNA approach or others, in silico , in vitro in cell models and in vivo in animals before progressing to humans.…”

Section: Mirnas and Future Perspectives In Laminopathiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs in hereditary and sporadic premature aging syndromes and other laminopathies

et al. 2018

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SummaryHereditary and sporadic laminopathies are caused by mutations in genes encoding lamins, their partners, or the metalloprotease ZMPSTE24/FACE1. Depending on the clinical phenotype, they are classified as tissue‐specific or systemic diseases. The latter mostly manifest with several accelerated aging features, as in Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) and other progeroid syndromes. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs described as powerful regulators of gene expression, mainly by degrading target mRNAs or by inhibiting their translation. In recent years, the role of these small RNAs has become an object of study in laminopathies using in vitro or in vivo murine models as well as cells/tissues of patients. To date, few miRNAs have been reported to exert protective effects in laminopathies, including miR‐9, which prevents progerin accumulation in HGPS neurons. The recent literature has described the potential implication of several other miRNAs in the pathophysiology of laminopathies, mostly by exerting deleterious effects. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the functional relevance and molecular insights of miRNAs in laminopathies. Furthermore, we discuss how these discoveries could help to better understand these diseases at the molecular level and could pave the way toward identifying new potential therapeutic targets and strategies based on miRNA modulation.

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miRTarBase 2016: updates to the experimentally validated miRNA-target interactions database

Cited by 1,388 publications

References 67 publications

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

Expression of miR-18a and miR-210 in Normal Breast Tissue as Candidate Biomarkers of Breast Cancer Risk

MicroRNAs in hereditary and sporadic premature aging syndromes and other laminopathies

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