miRNAs as biomarkers in prostate cancer

Casanova-Salas, Irene; Rubio‐Briones, J.; Fernández-Serra, Antonio; Löpez‐Guerrero, José Antonio

doi:10.1007/s12094-012-0877-0

Cited by 48 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…For example, in some CaP cases, serum-PSA is (a) detected little if any, (b) lacks adequate sensitivity, and (c) fails to discriminate potentially significant cancers from insignificant ones [2]–[4]. PSA does not reflect cancer biology and a high risk of mistaken results [5]–[6]. Further, discrepancies in PSA as a diagnostic marker among different racial groups such as Caucasians and African-American have confounded the management of this cancer [6]–[7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMI1, Stem Cell Factor Acting as Novel Serum-biomarker for Caucasian and African-American Prostate Cancer

et al. 2013

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BackgroundLack of reliable predictive biomarkers is a stumbling block in the management of prostate cancer (CaP). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) widely used in clinics has several caveats as a CaP biomarker. African-American CaP patients have poor prognosis than Caucasians, and notably the serum-PSA does not perform well in this group. Further, some men with low serum-PSA remain unnoticed for CaP until they develop disease. Thus, there is a need to identify a reliable diagnostic and predictive biomarker of CaP. Here, we show that BMI1 stem-cell protein is secretory and could be explored for biomarker use in CaP patients.Methodology/Principal FindingsSemi-quantitative analysis of BMI1 was performed in prostatic tissues of TRAMP (autochthonous transgenic mouse model), human CaP patients, and in cell-based models representing normal and different CaP phenotypes in African-American and Caucasian men, by employing immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting and Slot-blotting. Quantitative analysis of BMI1 and PSA were performed in blood and culture-media of siRNA-transfected and non-transfected cells by employing ELISA. BMI1 protein is (i) secreted by CaP cells, (ii) increased in the apical region of epithelial cells and stromal region in prostatic tumors, and (iii) detected in human blood. BMI1 is detectable in blood of CaP patients in an order of increasing tumor stage, exhibit a positive correlation with serum-PSA and importantly is detectable in patients which exhibit low serum-PSA. The clinical significance of BMI1 as a biomarker could be ascertained from observation that CaP cells secrete this protein in higher levels than cells representative of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Conclusions/SignificanceBMI1 could be developed as a dual bio-marker (serum and biopsy) for the diagnosis and prognosis of CaP in Caucasian and African-American men. Though compelling these data warrant further investigation in a cohort of African-American patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMI1, Stem Cell Factor Acting as Novel Serum-biomarker for Caucasian and African-American Prostate Cancer

et al. 2013

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“…For example, Brase et al screened more 60 exosomal miRNAs identifying mir-375 and mir-141 as appropriate markers for prostate cancer [54]. This miRNAs content in exosomes could be considered as a potential novel biomarker for prostate cancer that may be used to diagnose but also to predict the disease stage [55,56]. This is currently needed because the blood level of the gold standard marker for prostate cancer, PSA, do not always correlate with disease stage and aggressiveness of the malignancy [57].…”

Section: Exosomes and Prostasomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal microRNAs in liquid biopsies: future biomarkers for prostate cancer

et al. 2017

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Prostate cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer in males in the world. Plasma quantification of prostate-specific antigen substantially improved the early detection of prostate cancer, but still lacks the required specificity. Clinical management of prostate cancer needs advances in the development of new non-invasive biomarkers, ameliorating current diagnosis and prognosis and guiding therapeutic decisions. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. These miRNAs are expressed in the cells and are also present in cellderived extracellular vesicles such as exosomes. Exosomes have been shown to act as mediators for cell to cell communication because of the regulatory functions of their content. High levels of exosomes are found in several body fluids from cancer patients and could be a potential source of non-invasive biomarkers. In this review, we summarize the diagnostic and prognostic utility of exosomal miRNAs in prostate cancer.

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“…MiRNAs might be potential markers for low-risk PCa detection, because they usually have a high stability in tissue (fixed) and body fluids and its expression changes according to the phases of prostate carcinogenesis (e.g., initiation versus progression versus metastasis) [45, 46]. Upregulation or downregulation of miRNAs has been reported to be related to the Gleason score, tumor stage, perineural invasion status, and biochemical progression of disease [43, 47]. However, the detection of these miRNAs mostly originated from tissue samples.…”

Section: Urine Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized Management in Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: The Role of Biomarkers

et al. 2012

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Current criteria to predict low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) are still subject to discussion as a substantial number of PCa patients who progress to a more aggressive disease seem to be missed, using these criteria. The main challenge in PCa diagnosis, therefore, is to distinguish patients with low-risk PCa who will show slow progression of disease from patients at risk for progression to a more aggressive cancer. The current discovered biomarkers could potentially guide in this management and improve detection, staging, and prognosis. This paper provides an overview of the current available serum-, urine-, and tissue-based biomarkers in PCa and evaluates the clinical usefulness of these biomarkers in the detection and management of low-risk PCa.

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miRNAs as biomarkers in prostate cancer

Cited by 48 publications

References 110 publications

BMI1, Stem Cell Factor Acting as Novel Serum-biomarker for Caucasian and African-American Prostate Cancer

BMI1, Stem Cell Factor Acting as Novel Serum-biomarker for Caucasian and African-American Prostate Cancer

Exosomal microRNAs in liquid biopsies: future biomarkers for prostate cancer

Personalized Management in Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: The Role of Biomarkers

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