Minoxidil downregulates Interleukin-1 alpha gene expression in HaCaT cells

Pekmezci, Erkin; Türkoğlu, Murat; Gökalp, Hilal; Kutlubay, Zekayі

doi:10.4103/ijt.ijt_18_17

Cited by 18 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…Patients with androgen excess usually develop FPHL during young adulthood, and the cause of FPHL in postmenopausal women is more complicated and could also be dependent on estrogen deficiency. There is also the role of genetic factors in the development of female pattern hair loss (i.e., polymorphisms in the aromatase gene) and chronic low-grade scalp inflammation [56][57][58]. The treatment of FPHL should start with minoxidil (5%), adding 5-alpha reductase inhibitors or antiandrogens when there is severe hair loss or hyperandrogenism [52].…”

Section: Reproductive Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal Effects on Hair Follicles

Grymowicz

Rudnicka

Podfigurna

et al. 2020

IJMS

124

109

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The hair cycle and hair follicle structure are highly affected by various hormones. Androgens—such as testosterone (T); dihydrotestosterone (DHT); and their prohormones, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and androstendione (A)—are the key factors in terminal hair growth. They act on sex-specific areas of the body, converting small, straight, fair vellus hairs into larger darker terminal hairs. They bind to intracellular androgen receptors in the dermal papilla cells of the hair follicle. The majority of hair follicles also require the intracellular enzyme 5-alpha reductase to convert testosterone into DHT. Apart from androgens, the role of other hormones is also currently being researched—e.g., estradiol can significantly alter the hair follicle growth and cycle by binding to estrogen receptors and influencing aromatase activity, which is responsible for converting androgen into estrogen (E2). Progesterone, at the level of the hair follicle, decreases the conversion of testosterone into DHT. The influence of prolactin (PRL) on hair growth has also been intensively investigated, and PRL and PRL receptors were detected in human scalp skin. Our review includes results from many analyses and provides a comprehensive up-to-date understanding of the subject of the effects of hormonal changes on the hair follicle.

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Section: Reproductive Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Hormonal Effects on Hair Follicles

Grymowicz

Rudnicka

Podfigurna

et al. 2020

IJMS

124

109

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Assessment and Treatment Outcomes of Persistent Radiation-Induced Alopecia in Patients With Cancer

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCE Persistent radiation-induced alopecia (pRIA) and its management have not been systematically described.OBJECTIVE To characterize pRIA in patients with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors or head and neck sarcoma. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA retrospective cohort study of patients from January 1, 2011, to January 30, 2019, was conducted at 2 large tertiary care hospitals and comprehensive cancer centers. Seventy-one children and adults diagnosed with primary CNS tumors or head and neck sarcomas were evaluated for pRIA. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe clinical and trichoscopic features, scalp radiation dose-response relationship, and response to topical minoxidil were assessed using standardized clinical photographs of the scalp, trichoscopic images, and radiotherapy treatment plans. RESULTSOf the 71 patients included (median [range] age, 27 [4-75] years; 51 female [72%]), 64 (90%) had a CNS tumor and 7 (10%) had head and neck sarcoma. Alopecia severity was grade 1 in 40 of 70 patients (56%), with localized (29 of 54 [54%]), diffuse (13 of 54 [24%]), or mixed (12 of 54 [22%]) patterns. The median (range) estimated scalp radiation dose was 39.6 (15.1-50.0) Gy; higher dose (odds ratio [OR], 1.15; 95% CI, 1.04-1.28) and proton irradiation (OR, 5.7; 95% CI, 1.05-30.8) were associated with greater alopecia severity (P < .001), and the dose at which 50% of patients were estimated to have severe (grade 2) alopecia was 36.1 Gy (95% CI, 33.7-39.6 Gy). Predominant trichoscopic features included white patches (16 of 28 [57%]); in 15 patients, hair-shaft caliber negatively correlated with scalp dose (correlation coefficient, −0.624; P = .01). The association between hair density and scalp radiation dose was not statistically significant (−0.381; P = .16). Twenty-eight of 34 patients (82%) responded to topical minoxidil, 5% (median follow-up, 61 [interquartile range, 21-105] weeks); 4 of 25 (16%) topical minoxidil recipients with clinical images improved in severity grade. Two patients responded to hair transplantation and 1 patient responded to plastic surgical reconstruction.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Persistent radiation-induced alopecia among patients with primary CNS tumors or head and neck sarcomas represents a dose-dependent phenomenon that has distinctive clinical and trichoscopic features. The findings of this study suggest that topical minoxidil and procedural interventions may have benefit in the treatment of pRIA.

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Microneedling and Platelet‐Rich Plasma (PRP)

Houshmand

2021

Microneedling

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Minoxidil downregulates Interleukin-1 alpha gene expression in HaCaT cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Hormonal Effects on Hair Follicles

Hormonal Effects on Hair Follicles

Assessment and Treatment Outcomes of Persistent Radiation-Induced Alopecia in Patients With Cancer

Microneedling and Platelet‐Rich Plasma (PRP)

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