Minorities and mental health

Halpern, David

doi:10.1016/0277-9536(93)90056-a

Cited by 187 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, there was a positive association between low neighborhood SES and medically indicated preterm birth among unmarried women. Effect modification by marital status, if real, supports the notion that risk of adverse health outcomes may be reduced when vulnerable individuals have social support, 38 particularly from an intimate partner. 39 However, we are unable to explain why this would be the case for medically indicated but not spontaneous preterm births.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Preterm Birth in a U.S. Cohort of Black Women

et al. 2012

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This study examines the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and preterm birth among U.S. Black women. A composite variable for neighborhood SES, derived from 7 U.S. Census Bureau indicators, was assessed in relation to self-reported preterm birth (505 spontaneous and 452 medically indicated) among 6,390 women in the Black Women's Health Study who delivered singleton births during 1995-2003. The odds ratio (OR) for preterm birth, comparing the lowest (most deprived) to the highest (least deprived) quartiles of neighborhood SES, was 0.98 (95 % CI, 0.80, 1.20) after adjustment for individual-level characteristics. Low neighborhood SES was not associated with spontaneous or medically indicated preterm birth overall or within strata of maternal age, education, or geographic region. The only significant finding was higher odds of medically indicated preterm birth associated with low neighborhood SES among unmarried women. Low neighborhood SES was not materially associated with preterm birth in this study of U.S. Black women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Preterm Birth in a U.S. Cohort of Black Women

et al. 2012

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“…21 Our findings suggest that there may be a common social mechanism of action through which Bethnic density,^or the relative size of ethnic groups in areas that are occupied by members of more than one group, 22 leads to a mortality benefit at the local level. Ethnic density effects for whites, blacks, and various immigrants have been described in psychiatric literature [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] in both the United Kingdom and the United States; their authors [21][22][23][24]27 have theorized that members less socially isolated or marginalized are perhaps shielded from prejudice and better positioned to access social support and community resources, thereby reducing psychiatric vulnerability. The same mechanism of action may explain the reduction in mortality risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Residential Segregation and Latino, Black and White Mortality in New York City

Inagami

Borrell²,

Wong³

et al. 2006

J Urban Health

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“…Factors like stereotype threat (i.e., being at risk of confirming a negative stereotype about one's group) have been found to predict worse cognitive performance in immigrants [53], whereas other social stress factors such as discrimination [7,54,55] and urban ethnic density [56] appear to be related to the increased incidence of psychotic disorders in immigrants. Further research is warranted to expand and integrate existing cognitive [57] and ecological [58][59][60] models linking large cognitive deficits and increased incidence of psychosis in immigrant groups.…”

Section: Cannabis Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive deficits and ethnicity: a cohort study of early psychosis patients in The Netherlands

Stouten

Veling

Helm

et al. 2012

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose Incidence rates of psychotic disorders are higher in immigrant groups compared to native populations. This increased risk may partly be explained by misdiagnosis. Neurocognitive deficits are a core feature of psychotic disorders, but little is known about the relationship between migration and cognition in psychotic disorders. We examined whether immigrant patients have cognitive deficits similar to non-immigrant patients, in order to investigate the plausibility of misdiagnosis as explanation for increased incidence rates. Methods Patients who made first contact for non-affective psychotic disorder were assessed in the cognitive domains sustained attention, immediate recall and delayed recall. Immigrant patients were compared to Dutch patients on cognitive performance. Results 407 Patients diagnosed with a non-affective psychotic disorder completed cognitive assessment (157 Dutch, 250 immigrants). Both Dutch and immigrant patients showed large cognitive deficits. Between-subgroup comparisons revealed large cognitive deficits for immigrants compared to Dutch, especially for immigrants from Morocco, Turkey and other non-Western countries. Conclusions These results indicate that immigrant status is associated with poorer cognitive functioning in early psychosis. The findings argue against diagnostic bias as an explanation for the increased incidence of psychotic disorders in immigrants.

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Minorities and mental health

Cited by 187 publications

References 32 publications

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Preterm Birth in a U.S. Cohort of Black Women

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to Preterm Birth in a U.S. Cohort of Black Women

Residential Segregation and Latino, Black and White Mortality in New York City

Cognitive deficits and ethnicity: a cohort study of early psychosis patients in The Netherlands

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