Mining the Gut Microbiota for Microbial-Based Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer Immunotherapy

Li, Bolei; Gong, Tao; Yu, Hao; Cheng, Lei

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.721249

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 138 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…Since bacteria play an essential role in the immune system 5 , and with several types of chemotherapy reliant on a healthy balanced microbiome to work effectively 11 , there should be an emphasis for future research with some potential synergies with immunotherapy research. Care should be taken with use of antibiotics, as although these may destroy some types of bacteria instrumental in treatment resistance 23 , they may destroy other types such as commensal bacterial essential to a healthy microbiota 24,38 , so more emphasis on alternatives such as probiotics and faecal microbiota transplants would be of benefit 28,38,34,35,36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of antibiotics can interfere with the microbiome, reducing immune cell mediation of tumour suppressors and pro-inflammatory responses 11,18 . Therefore, care should be taken when prescribing antibiotics and other additional medications alongside oxaliplatin to avoid reducing bacterial diversity, removing beneficial microbes, and having a potential detrimental impact on treatment responses 5,24 .…”

Section: Oxaliplatin and Fusobacterium Nucleatummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacterial Interactions Affecting Chemotherapy Effectiveness

Chambers

Illingworth

2023

MSURJ

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Chemotherapy resistance is a recurring challenge in cancer treatment, with specific bacteria impairing the effectiveness of certain chemotherapies. This study reviews three bacteria and their impact on chemotherapy drugs: Mycoplasma and gemcitabine, Fusobacterium nucleatum and oxaliplatin, bacterial β-glucuronase and irinotecan. Bacteria can have wide-ranging effects on cancer treatment; for instance, they may affect drug metabolism, alter toxin conversion, and encourage cancer growth. Whilst the presence of these bacteria was found to have a detrimental effect on the efficacy of chemotherapy treatment, we also consider wider interactions and interdependencies of the microbiota with drug treatments. Some cancer therapies depend on the delicate balance of the microbiome whilst simultaneously disrupting it by their very nature, particularly when antibiotics are introduced. Further research into the complex relationship between bacteria and the tumour micro-environment is needed. Treatments that focus on the immune-oncology microbiome axis or that explore genetic predisposition through the use of biomarkers could also support a more personalised approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oxaliplatin and Fusobacterium Nucleatummentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Interactions Affecting Chemotherapy Effectiveness

Chambers

Illingworth

2023

MSURJ

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“…Как правило, короткоцепочечные жирные кислоты обладают противовоспалительным и противоопухолевым действием, но есть и исключения. Например, бутират обладает эффектом подавления опухоли [50], в то время как ацетат является метаболитом, который является потенциально онкогенным [51].…”

Section: модулирующие эффекты кишечной микробиоты в противоопухолевой...unclassified

Role of the microbiota in oncogenesis

et al. 2023

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Objective. To conduct a systematic analysis of data on the results of studies published in scientific journals on the pro-carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic role of microbiota, as well as on the therapeutic potential of microorganisms in oncogenesis.Material and Methods. The articles were searched using the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, and eLIBRARY databases. More than 150 sources dedicated to the study of the carcinogenic function of the microbiota and the possible influence of its species and quantitative composition on the efficacy and toxicity of antitumor therapy were found. Data from 71 articles were included in the review.Results. The relationship between the gut microbiota and cancer is multifactorial and bilateral: pro-carcinogenic on the one hand and anti-carcinogenic on the other hand. Microorganisms can induce tumor growth and cancer development through DNA damage and induction of mutagenesis, trigger oncogenic signals, disruption of barrier function, as well as immune response system disruption. Depletion of microbiota, the development of dysbiosis and induction of chronic inflammatory state are negative factors in the development of cancer. The anticancer effect of microorganisms is presumably based on the production of tumor-suppressive metabolites that function through multiple immune reactions. Maintenance of barrier function, competitive exclusion of pathogenic bacteria, and direct action on immune cells to prevent inflammation are also important protective factors. The presence of intratumor microorganisms in various tumors has been noted. Changes in species and quantitative composition of cancer patients’ microbiota are influenced by diet, taking antibacterial drugs, chemo-, immuno- and radiation therapy. In turn, the microbiota can affect the ongoing treatment. Numerous studies on the influence of the gut microbiota on the efficacy of immunotherapy, particularly in disseminated melanoma, have been conducted. It has been suggested that primary resistance to immunotherapy may be related to the abnormal composition of the gut microbiota. The level of gut microfora composition diversity and the number of Faecalibacterium or Bacteroidales in the fecal microbiota have been suggested to be the predictor of response to anti-PD-1 therapy. To change the composition and activity of the gut microbiota, several therapeutic methods, such as the administration of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, as well as the change in the microbiota composition through a specific diet, are available.

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“…Microbiota immunomodulation and involvement in cancer development has been discussed extensively in a number of papers [ 91 , 92 , 93 ]. Microbiota can modulate both the innate and adaptive immune responses as a mechanism to influence treatment response [ 94 ]. Thus, this section will focus on the microbiota–immune modulation and therapeutic implications that could be applicable as MM therapeutics.…”

Section: Involvement Of Microbiota As Regulators Of Immune Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiomes, Epigenomics, Immune Response, and Splicing Signatures Interplay: Potential Use of Combination of Regulatory Pathways as Targets for Malignant Mesothelioma

Damane

Mkhize‐Kwitshana

Mehrotra³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Malignant mesotheliomas (MM) are hard to treat malignancies with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. This cancer is highly misdiagnosed in Sub-Saharan African countries. According to literature, the incidence of MM is likely to increase particularly in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). The burden of asbestos-induced diseases was estimated to be about 231,000 per annum. Lack of awareness and implementation of regulatory frameworks to control exposure to asbestos fibers contributes to the expected increase. Exposure to asbestos fibers can lead to cancer initiation by several mechanisms. Asbestos-induced epigenetic modifications of gene expression machinery and non-coding RNAs promote cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, microbiome–epigenetic interactions control the innate and adaptive immunity causing exacerbation of cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. This review discusses epigenetic mechanisms with more focus on miRNAs and their interaction with the microbiome. The potential use of epigenetic alterations and microbiota as specific biomarkers to aid in the early detection and/or development of therapeutic targets is explored. The advancement of combinatorial therapies to prolong overall patient survival or possible eradication of MM especially if it is detected early is discussed.

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Mining the Gut Microbiota for Microbial-Based Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer Immunotherapy

Cited by 6 publications

References 138 publications

Bacterial Interactions Affecting Chemotherapy Effectiveness

Bacterial Interactions Affecting Chemotherapy Effectiveness

Role of the microbiota in oncogenesis

Microbiomes, Epigenomics, Immune Response, and Splicing Signatures Interplay: Potential Use of Combination of Regulatory Pathways as Targets for Malignant Mesothelioma

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