Mining of deep-seabed nodules using a Coandă-effect-based collector

Alhaddad, Said; Mehta, Dhruv; Helmons, Rudy

doi:10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100852

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The size of the collector head was governed by the scale of the used water flume. Therefore, the collector head presented in Alhaddad et al [14] was scaled down by a factor of 4 in the 2-D plane shown in Figure 2, while the third dimension (width) was 20 cm. The collector head was fabricated from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in various parts, which were eventually fastened together with bolts and nuts, and sealed with gaskets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several hydraulic collection methods were considered in the literature, such as suckup-based method [12], Coandȃ-effect-based method [13,14], and double-jet method [15]. Coandȃ-effect-based collectors are expected to result in smaller disturbance to the sediments, since the nozzle flow does not directly interact with the seabed [16].…”

Section: Coandȃ-effect-based Collectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting that this is the most mature technology for nodule collection so far, and it has been employed in most recent pilot testing (i.e., GSR [6], Blue Nodules [17] and TMC [18]). Additionally, design analysis of such collector systems has been performed in recent publications, e.g., [14,19,20]. Intriguingly, Coandȃ effect, named after the Romanian scientist Henri Coandȃ, is the tendency of a jet flow to keep adhering to an adjacent surface, even if it curves [21].…”

Section: Coandȃ-effect-based Collectormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result of the Coandȃ effect, the high-velocity water jets flowing through the jet ducts follow the curvature of the upper curved plate. This causes entrainment of the ambient water towards the collection duct, which produces a pressure difference (suction) under the collector, thereby dislodging nodules from the seabed and dragging them along towards the collection duct [14].…”

Section: Coandȃ-effect-based Collectormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sediment Erosion Generated by a Coandă-Effect-Based Polymetallic-Nodule Collector

Alhaddad

Helmons

2023

JMSE

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To date, hydraulic collection is the most widely considered technology in polymetallic-nodule mining, since there is no direct contact between hydraulic collectors and ocean floor. To construct a hydraulic collector that results in the least sediment disturbance, it is critical to develop an insightful understanding of the interaction between the collector and sediment bed. To this end, we conducted a set of small-scale experiments in which several operational conditions were tested, delivering the first quantitative data for sediment erosion resulting from a hydraulic collector driving over a sand bed. This paper presents and discusses the experimental results and observations. It is found that the collector’s forward velocity is inversely proportional to the bed-sediment erosion depth, since the bed is exposed to the flow for a longer time when the collector drives slower and vice versa. In contrast, an increased jet velocity leads to a larger erosion depth. Furthermore, when the collector underside is nearer to the sediment bed, a larger sediment layer is exposed to the water flow, resulting in a larger erosion depth. Finally, the experimental results show that collector water jets strike the sediment bed under an inclined angle, destabilizing the upper sediment layer and consequently dragging sediment particles along toward the collection duct and behind the collector head. This study improves the predictability of sediment erosion created by Coandă-effect-based collectors, which is a crucial asset to optimize the collector design and decrease the extent of the associated sediment plumes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coandȃ-effect-based Collectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coandȃ-effect-based Collectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coandȃ-effect-based Collectormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sediment Erosion Generated by a Coandă-Effect-Based Polymetallic-Nodule Collector

Alhaddad

Helmons

2023

JMSE

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“…In 1987, the IMB Institute of the University of Karlsruhe in Germany designed a mechanical acquisition structure [29] and experimentally tested the wear of the toothed mechanism at higher speeds and the acquisition performance of the device. In 2001, the Institut für Konstruktion Siegen (IKS) of Germany summarized the advantages and disadvantages of the mechanical ore collecting devices developed in previous countries and designed a better collecting head form, as shown in Figure 5b [29,34]. The collection head consists of a shovel-like frame whose toothed structure cuts forward into the seabed and brings up nodules.…”

Section: Mechanical Collection Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Status of Deep-Sea Polymetallic Nodule Collection Technology

Liu,

Wang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

JMSE

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The bottom of the ocean is rich in mineral resources, and deep-sea mining has been a research hotspot in recent years. As a key part of deep-sea mining operation, polymetallic nodule collection technology has been researched in many countries around the world. The distribution of deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining areas and the characteristics of nodules are summarized, which provides a reference for the study of collection technology and the optimization of pick-up device structure. In order to further establish a deep-sea mining collection technology system, the current development status of polymetallic nodule mechanical, mechanical–hydraulic composite and hydraulic collection technologies are summarized, and the analysis shows that hydraulic collection technology has a more promising commercialization prospect. For the hydraulic collection technology, the research progress of suck-up-based collection technology, Coandă-effect-based collection technology, double-row hydraulic collection sluicing technology and other collection technologies are summarized from three aspects: collecting principle, device structure parameter optimization, and sea trial situation, and the key technical problems of hydraulic ore collection are put forward. Through the comparative analysis of the pick-up efficiency, energy consumption, environmental disturbance and other performances of different devices, it is found that the Coandă-effect-based hydraulic collection technology has better comprehensive performance. A structural design evaluation indicator for the collection head of hydraulic collection technology is proposed, and the prospect of further research on hydraulic collection technology is put forward.

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Deep-Sea Mining and the Water Column: An Introduction

Sharma

2024

Deep-Sea Mining and the Water Column

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Mining of deep-seabed nodules using a Coandă-effect-based collector

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Sediment Erosion Generated by a Coandă-Effect-Based Polymetallic-Nodule Collector

Sediment Erosion Generated by a Coandă-Effect-Based Polymetallic-Nodule Collector

Research Status of Deep-Sea Polymetallic Nodule Collection Technology

Deep-Sea Mining and the Water Column: An Introduction

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