Minimum noise pre-amplifier for fast ionization chambers

Semiconductor Radiation Detectors

“…The charge-sensitive amplifier (CSA), invented by Emilio Gatti (Cottini et al 1956) and represented in Fig. 7.16, consists of an inverting amplifying circuit which -in the ideal case -delivers an output voltage proportional to the input (U out = −A U in ) and a feedback capacitor C f .…”

Instrument study of the Lunar Dust eXplorer (LDX) for a lunar lander mission

“…As reported by Srama et al [72], the root mean square (rms) noise level of CSA at a detector capacitance of 5 pF is 1.5 × 10 −17 C (equal to 100 electrons) over a bandwidth of 10 kHz -10 MHz. The CSA noise increases roughly in proportion with the detector capacitance [23]. As we calculated using the COULOMB software, the capacitance of each small electrode segment is about 7.6 pF.…”

“…The minimum noise of a designed CSA increases roughly in proportion with the capacitance of its connected detector [7,23]. To reduce the measurement noise of a designed charge sensitive amplifier, a possible way is to reduce the extra capacitance as much as possible.…”

A CMOS Charge Sensitive Amplifier with sub-electron equivalent noise charge

“…Since the first proposal in 1956 by E. Gatti and coworkers [1], continuous studies have been done for designing CSA with the lowest electronic noise in order to reach the highest precision in measuring parameters (energy, interaction position, time of arrival…) of radiation quanta. Since 90's, the availability of advanced CMOS Integrated circuit technology allowed to explore new possibilities in CSA design especially in terms of high channel densities, low power consumption and high customization to different detectors [2].…”