Minimally-Diluted Blood Cardioplegia Supplemented With Potassium and Magnesium for Combination of 'Initial, Continuous and Intermittent Bolus' Administration

Does Magnesium-Supplemented Cardioplegia Reduce Cardiac Injury? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…5 and 6). The sensitivity analysis showed that the combined effect was similar between the two groups; however, the heterogeneity was reduced when Yoshitaka's 19 or Joseph's 16 study was deleted (RR, 0.855; p ¼ 0.335; I 2 ¼ 13.4%; and RR, 0.658; p ¼ 0.051; I 2 ¼ 15.2%, respectively).…”

“…The random-effects model has a higher accuracy rate when two models exhibit moderate heterogeneity (I 2 ¼ 35.3%), 28 indicating that the ability of magnesium-supplemented cardioplegia to reduce the incidence of new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation was marginally significant. The sensitivity analysis showed the combined effect similar in two groups; however, the heterogeneity was reduced when Yoshitaka's 19 or Joseph's 16 study was removed from the analysis (RR, 0.855; p ¼ 0.335; I 2 ¼ 13.4%; and RR, 0.658; p ¼ 0.051; I 2 ¼ 15.2%, respectively). It may be that Yoshitaka's 19 and Joseph's 16 studies were the resource of the heterogeneity.…”

A double‐blind randomized clinical trial comparing different doses of magnesium in cardioplegic solution for prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

“…provided support for the correlation between efficacy of postconditioning, which attenuates reperfusion injury, and the magnesium concentration of the cardioplegic solution. Hayashi et al . found that cardioplegia supplemented with potassium and magnesium led to a significant reduction in POAF.…”

“Initial, Continuous and Intermittent Bolus” Administration of Minimally-Diluted Blood Cardioplegia Supplemented with Potassium and Magnesium for Hypertrophied Hearts

“…Myocardial protection was achieved by a combination of "initial, continuous, and intermittent bolus" BCP infusion, previously described. 8 The patients were rewarmed after intracardiac procedure followed by aortic unclamping, and CPB was terminated when intravesical temperatures reached 35 • C. Dopamine was administered on the basis of each patient's hemodynamic condition just after the termination of CPB. …”

“…6,7 We previously introduced a combination of "initial, continuous and intermittent bolus" administration of blood cardioplegia (BCP) for intraoperative myocardial protection. 8 Low dose of continuous cardioplegia infusion may contribute to the maintenance of diastolic cardiac arrest between intermittent bolus cardioplegia infusions, and thus, this BCP infusion method seems applicable to hypertrophied hearts. In addition, the minimal dilution technique using potassium chloride and magnesium sulphate is thought to reduce the amount of crystalloid solution infused into the myocardium and improve myocardial protective effects.…”