Miniaturized Quasi-Lumped Resonator for Dielectric Characterization of Liquid Mixtures

Benkhaoua, L.; Benhabiles, Mohamed Taoufik; Mouissat, Smail; Riabi, Mohamed Lahdi

doi:10.1109/jsen.2015.2504601

Cited by 54 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For all the measured results, the maximum, minimum, and average of the standard deviation of measured S 21 are 0.00897, 0.00654, and 0.00776, respectively. Table II extebsively shows the figure-of-merit coparisions of the lab-on-a-wavguide liquid-mixture sensor with other published works, [17]- [19] and [22]- [23]. The liquid-mixture sensor in this work is the most accurate ethanol/DI water liquid-mixture discriminator and offers many advantages over the state-of-the-art liquid sensors published to date.…”

Section: B Di-water/ethanol Liquid Mixture Measurementmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Generally, higher measurement and discrimination accuracy of a liquid-mixture sensor increases at higher operational frequencies [17], [19]. In microwave and millimeter-wave bands, many research studies have been published on the characterization of ethanol content in liquid mixtures [17]- [19], [22]- [23] reporting the best current achievements of discrimination sensitivities of approximately 5% ethanol content in liquid mixtures. This paper presents a miniaturized lab-on-a-waveguide liquid-mixture sensor, requiring only nanoliter liquid sample for noninvasive and contactless liquid-mixture characterization and discrimination.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nano-Fluidic Millimeter-Wave Lab-on-a-Waveguide Sensor for Liquid-Mixture Characterization

et al. 2018

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Abstract-This paper reports on a miniaturized lab-on-awaveguide liquid-mixture sensor, achieving highly-accurate nanoliter liquid sample characterization, for biomedical applications. The nanofluidic-integrated millimeter-wave sensor design is based on near-field transmission-line technique implemented by a single loop slot antenna operating at 91 GHz, fabricated into the lid of a photolaser-based subtractive manufactured WR-10 rectangular waveguide. The nanofluidic subsystem, which is mounted on top of the antenna aperture, is fabricated by using multiple Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) layers to encapsulate and isolate the liquid sample during the experiment, hence, offering various preferable features e.g. noninvasive and contactless measurements. Moreover, the sensor is reusable by replacing only the nanofluidic subsystem, resulting a cost-effective sensor. The novel sensor can measure a liquid volume of as low as 210 nanoliters, while still achieving a discrimination accuracy of better than 2% of ethanol in the ethanol/deionized-water liquid mixture with a standard deviation of lower than 0.008 from at least three repeated measurements, resulting in the highest accurate ethanol and DI-water discriminator reported to date. The nanofluidic-integrated millimeter-wave sensor also offers other advantages such as ease of design, low fabrication and material cost, and no life-cycle limitation of the millimeter-wave subsystem.Index Terms-biomedical liquid mixtures, nanofluidic, millimeter-wave sensor, transmission line method, W-band.

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Section: B Di-water/ethanol Liquid Mixture Measurementmentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-Fluidic Millimeter-Wave Lab-on-a-Waveguide Sensor for Liquid-Mixture Characterization

et al. 2018

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“…A dielectric resonator‐based microwave probe for low loss and lossy liquids characterization was developed . A miniature sensor operating at 150 MHz was designed and demonstrated for real‐time sensing of fluid concentrations . The complex permittivity of a number of liquid dielectrics was measured with the use of the in‐waveguide technique at the X and Ku band .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aiming to contribute to the increasing field of liquids electrical characterization, techniques and sensors in RF and microwave frequencies have been studied, proposed, developed, and improved. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] A microfluidic-integrated microwave sensor was designed using Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology to be applied to microliter-volume biological/biomedical liquid sample characterization and quantification. 1 An SIW cavity resonator with the introduction of a microfluidic channel is presented to achieve a noncontact sensor for chemical sensing applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 A miniature sensor operating at 150 MHz was designed and demonstrated for real-time sensing of fluid concentrations. 6 The complex permittivity of a number of liquid dielectrics was measured with the use of the in-waveguide technique at the X and Ku band. 7 A microwave sensor to analyze the complex permittivity of ethanol fuel by applying the cavity perturbation technique was proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquids electrical characterization sensor using a hybrid SIW resonant cavity

Caleffo

Correra

2018

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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A new sensor based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is proposed as an option for liquids electrical characterization. The sensor employs a rectangular waveguide resonant cavity filled with air, with two opposite side walls implemented by closely spaced metallic vias. The resulting structure is a hybrid SIW resonant cavity. The two noncontinuous walls of the hybrid SIW cavity allow the liquid insertion, filling its entire internal volume. The resonance frequency of the hybrid SIW cavity is used to determine the dielectric constant of the liquid to be characterized. A sensor using a hybrid SIW cavity operating in TE101 mode was designed to resonate at 5.9 GHz when filled with air. The sensor was employed to measure the dielectric constant of binary mixtures of distilled water and ethanol. Dielectric constants ranging from 21 to 79 were obtained, corresponding to measured resonance frequencies from 1,247 to 647 MHz, respectively. Good agreement was observed between computational electromagnetic simulation and experimental results. The dependence of the volumetric fraction of ethanol in the binary mixture on the sensor resonance frequency was expressed using a third‐order polynomial approximation.

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Microfluidic biochemical sensor based on circular SIW‐DMS approach for dielectric characterization application

Bahar

Zakaria

Arshad

et al. 2019

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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This work proposes an advancement of microwave planar resonator sensor with high sensitivity for microfluidic dielectric characterization. The physical design was employed based on circular substrate integrated waveguide (CSIW) with an integration of defected microstrip structure (DMS). This approach can be applied to accelerate the dielectric detection, structure miniaturization and material differentiation. The presented sensor operates based on variations in the dielectric properties of solvents in the vicinity of a planar open‐ended microstrip resonator device. Further analysis in volume and concentration were performed to validate the reliability of the sensor. Validation and functionality of the sensor were investigated by experimental and results comparison. A mathematical model was developed to determine the dielectric constant and the loss tangent of the microfluidic samples. The average error detection has a lower percentage value of 0.11% by comparison to the commercial and ideal dielectric properties of the aqueous samples. The maximum relative error detection, ±0.37% implied better accuracy compared to the existing resonator sensors with more than 400 of the Q‐factor. The proposed CSIW‐DMS sensor was found to give higher accuracy and detection response; besides easier to fabricate, and compatible for integration with other electronic components in an RF sensor for variety of applications.

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Miniaturized Quasi-Lumped Resonator for Dielectric Characterization of Liquid Mixtures

Cited by 54 publications

References 22 publications

Nano-Fluidic Millimeter-Wave Lab-on-a-Waveguide Sensor for Liquid-Mixture Characterization

Nano-Fluidic Millimeter-Wave Lab-on-a-Waveguide Sensor for Liquid-Mixture Characterization

Liquids electrical characterization sensor using a hybrid SIW resonant cavity

Microfluidic biochemical sensor based on circular SIW‐DMS approach for dielectric characterization application

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