Miniature magnetic devices for laser-based, table-top free-electron lasers

Eichner, Timo; Grüner, Florian; Becker, Stefan; Fuchs, M.; Habs, D.; Weingartner, R.; Schramm, U.; Backe, H.; Kunz, P.; Lauth, W.

doi:10.1103/physrevstab.10.082401

Cited by 65 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Miniature magnetic quadrupole lenses and undulator 11 . The magnetic lenses with a field gradient of ∼500 T m −1 over a radius of 3 mm are positioned ∼25 cm after the accelerator in a doublet configuration with lengths of 17 mm and 15 mm, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-driven soft-X-ray undulator source

et al. 2009

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Synchrotrons and free-electron lasers are the most powerful sources of X-ray radiation. They constitute invaluable tools for a broad range of research 1 ; however, their dependence on largescale radiofrequency electron accelerators means that only a few of these sources exist worldwide. Laser-driven plasmawave accelerators 2-10 provide markedly increased accelerating fields and hence offer the potential to shrink the size and cost of these X-ray sources to the university-laboratory scale. Here, we demonstrate the generation of soft-X-ray undulator radiation with laser-plasma-accelerated electron beams. The well-collimated beams deliver soft-X-ray pulses with an expected pulse duration of ∼10 fs (inferred from plasma-accelerator physics). Our source draws on a 30-cmlong undulator 11 and a 1.5-cm-long accelerator delivering stable electron beams 10 with energies of ∼210 MeV. The spectrum of the generated undulator radiation typically consists of a main peak centred at a wavelength of ∼18 nm (fundamental), a second peak near ∼9 nm (second harmonic) and a highenergy cutoff at ∼7 nm. Magnetic quadrupole lenses 11 ensure efficient electron-beam transport and demonstrate an enabling technology for reproducible generation of tunable undulator radiation. The source is scalable to shorter wavelengths by increasing the electron energy. Our results open the prospect of tunable, brilliant, ultrashort-pulsed X-ray sources for small-scale laboratories.Resolving the structure and dynamics of matter on the atomic scale requires a probe with ångstrøm resolution in space and femtosecond to attosecond resolution in time. Third-generation synchrotron sources produce X-ray pulses with durations of typically a few tens of picoseconds and can achieve 100 fs by using complex beam-manipulation techniques 12,13 . They have already proven their capability of imaging static structures with atomic (spatial) resolution 1 and upcoming X-ray free-electron lasers hold promise for also extending the temporal resolution into the atomic/sub-atomic range [14][15][16][17][18] . Both of these sources consist of an electron accelerator and an undulator, which is a periodic magnetic structure that forces the electrons to oscillate and emit radiation 19 . Whereas current facilities require a kilometre-scale accelerator, new laser-plasma accelerators offer the potential for a marked reduction in size and cost as well as pulse durations of a few femtoseconds.Femtosecond-laser-driven plasma accelerators have produced quasi-monoenergetic electron beams 2-7 with energies up to 1 GeV (refs 8, 9, 20, 21) from centimetre-scale interaction lengths. The concept is based on an ultra-intense laser pulse, which ionizes atoms of a gas target and excites a plasma wave. This trails the pulse at 1 Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, 2 Department für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Am Coulombwall 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, 3 Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 128, 01328 Dresden, Germany, 4 ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-driven soft-X-ray undulator source

et al. 2009

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“…Starting at the plasma exit, we focus the electron bunch, using a triplet of permanent magnet quadrupoles [31], through a simple four-dipole chicane. As expected, CSR effects cause a slight, current-dependent emittance increase, mainly caused by a small transverse offset and shear of the beam, which can be partially corrected with appropriate steering elements.…”

Section: Stretching the Bunchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration Scheme for a Laser-Plasma-Driven Free-Electron Laser

et al. 2012

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Laser-plasma accelerators are prominent candidates for driving next-generation compact light sources, promising high-brightness, few-femtosecond x-ray pulses intrinsically synchronized to an optical laser, and thus are ideally suited for pump-probe experiments with femtosecond resolution. So far, the large spectral width of laser-plasma-driven beams has been preventing a successful free-electron laser (FEL) demonstration using such sources. In this paper, we study the application of an optimized undulator design and bunch decompression to large-energy-spread beams in order to permit FEL amplification. Numerically, we show a proof-of-principle scenario to demonstrate FEL gain in the vacuum ultraviolet range with electron beams from laser-plasma accelerators as currently available in experiments.

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“…In traditional accelerators, solenoids and quadrupoles are typ-ically combined to guide the transverse motion of the particles between the stages. However, due to ultrahigh focusing gradient in the nonlinear plasma wake (G[MT/m] ≡ F r /ecr ≈ 3.01n p [10 17 cm −3 ]), state of the art quadrupoles (G ∼ 10 3 T/m) [36,37] are not strong enough to confine the transverse motion of the particles between the stages. Here F r is the transverse focusing force in the direction r and n p is the plasma density.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physics of Phase Space Matching for Staging Plasma and Traditional Accelerator Components Using Longitudinally Tailored Plasma Profiles

Hua

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Phase space matching between two plasma-accelerator (PA) stages and between a PA and a traditional accelerator component is a critical issue for emittance preservation of beams accelerated by PAs. The drastic differences of the transverse focusing strengths as the beam propagates between different stages and components may lead to a catastrophic emittance growth in the presence of both finite energy spread and lack of proper matching. We propose using the linear focusing forces from nonlinear wakes in longitudinally tailored plasma density profiles to provide exact phase space matching to properly transport the electron beam through two such stages with negligible emittance growth. Theoretical analysis and particle-in-cell simulations show how these structures may work in four different scenarios. Good agreement between theory and simulation is obtained.

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Miniature magnetic devices for laser-based, table-top free-electron lasers

Cited by 65 publications

References 27 publications

Laser-driven soft-X-ray undulator source

Laser-driven soft-X-ray undulator source

Demonstration Scheme for a Laser-Plasma-Driven Free-Electron Laser

Physics of Phase Space Matching for Staging Plasma and Traditional Accelerator Components Using Longitudinally Tailored Plasma Profiles

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