Miniature and Fieldable Mass Spectrometers: Recent Advances

Snyder, Dalton T.; Pulliam, Christopher J.; Ouyang, Zheng; Cooks, R. Graham

doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03070

Cited by 345 publications

(273 citation statements)

References 254 publications

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“…Reported applications demonstrate the utility of specific ambient MS techniques in this arena, allowing the direct analysis of utilized surface swabs [24], trace residues [41], bulk evidence [42], and highly complex sample matrices [26,43]. Furthermore, implementing automated spectral library searching and chemical identification on said systems can alleviate the need for field-based data interpretation, allowing the use by nontechnical operators [44].…”

Section: A Review Of the 2009 Census For Publicly Funded Forensicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FLIR AI-MS 1.2 and other trap-based portable MS systems [41,42] have demonstrated high spectral congruency when compared with lab-grade instrumentation for most traditional forensic chemicals [24] and, so, enjoy the selectivity afforded to MS analysis. Incorporation of tandem MS data in analyte identification even allows discernment from complex matrices [26,43].…”

Section: Selectivity Of Analyte Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Lawton

Traub

Fatigante

et al. 2016

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

103

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Abstract. Forensic evidentiary backlogs are indicative of the growing need for costeffective, high-throughput instrumental methods. One such emerging technology that shows high promise in meeting this demand while also allowing on-site forensic investigation is portable mass spectrometric (MS) instrumentation, particularly that which enables the coupling to ambient ionization techniques. While the benefits of rapid, on-site screening of contraband can be anticipated, the inherent legal implications of field-collected data necessitates that the analytical performance of technology employed be commensurate with accepted techniques. To this end, comprehensive analytical validation studies are required before broad incorporation by forensic practitioners can be considered, and are the focus of this work. Pertinent performance characteristics such as throughput, selectivity, accuracy/precision, method robustness, and ruggedness have been investigated. Reliability in the form of false positive/negative response rates is also assessed, examining the effect of variables such as user training and experience level. To provide flexibility toward broad chemical evidence analysis, a suite of rapidly-interchangeable ion sources has been developed and characterized through the analysis of common illicit chemicals and emerging threats like substituted phenethylamines.

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Section: A Review Of the 2009 Census For Publicly Funded Forensicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Selectivity Of Analyte Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Lawton

Traub

Fatigante

et al. 2016

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

103

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“…However, AC scanning has yet to be systematically characterized despite some clear advantages, particularly the fact that the high amplitude, high frequency rf signal is kept constant, which greatly simplifies the electronics since strictly linear rf ramps, which are difficult to generate, are no longer needed. This feature is particularly appealing for miniature instruments [32,33]. More importantly, precursor ion scans using a single ion trap [34,35] can be performed by exciting ions of successive masses as a function of time using a low amplitude dipolar signal while a chosen product ion is ejected by applying a second high amplitude constant frequency AC signal at the product ion's secular frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Characterization of Secular Frequency Scanning in Ion Trap Mass Spectrometers

Snyder

Pulliam

Wiley

et al. 2016

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

Self Cite

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Abstract. Secular frequency scanning is implemented and characterized using both a benchtop linear ion trap and a miniature rectilinear ion trap mass spectrometer. Separation of tetraalkylammonium ions and those from a mass calibration mixture and from a pesticide mixture is demonstrated with peak widths approaching unit resolution for optimized conditions using the benchtop ion trap. The effects on the spectra of ion trap operating parameters, including waveform amplitude, scan direction, scan rate, and pressure are explored, and peaks at black holes corresponding to nonlinear (higher-order field) resonance points are investigated. Reverse frequency sweeps (increasing mass) on the Mini 12 are shown to result in significantly higher ion ejection efficiency and superior resolution than forward frequency sweeps that decrement mass. This result is accounted for by the asymmetry in ion energy absorption profiles as a function of AC frequency and the shift in ion secular frequency at higher amplitudes in the trap due to higher order fields. We also found that use of higher AC amplitudes in forward frequency sweeps biases ions toward ejection at points of higher order parametric resonance, despite using only dipolar excitation. Higher AC amplitudes also increase peak width and decrease sensitivity in both forward and reverse frequency sweeps. Higher sensitivity and resolution were obtained at higher trap pressures in the secular frequency scan, in contrast to conventional resonance ejection scans, which showed the opposite trend in resolution on the Mini 12. Mass range is shown to be naturally extended in secular frequency scanning when ejecting ions by sweeping the AC waveform through low frequencies, a method which is similar, but arguably superior, to the more usual method of mass range extension using low q resonance ejection.

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“…To perform in situ analyses, especially some in harsh environments, a miniature mass spectrometer with portability is also expected to have adequate performances in terms of sensitivity and MS resolution, as well as robustness and repeatability [12,13]. Up until now, different kinds of miniature mass spectrometers have been developed, mainly using an ion trap as the mass analyzer, which is connected with different atmospheric pressure interfaces (APIs), including the membrane inlet (MI) [14][15][16][17], discontinuous atmospheric pressure interface (DAPI) [10,18,19], and continuous atmospheric pressure interface (CAPI) [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini 2000: A Robust Miniature Mass Spectrometer with Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Interface

Meng

Zhang²,

Zhai

et al. 2018

Instruments

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Abstract:A miniature mass spectrometer with continuous atmospheric pressure interface (CAPI) developed previously in our lab has proved to have high stability and rapid analysis speed. With the aim of achieving smaller size, better performance and easier maintenance, in this study, an upgraded miniature mass spectrometer with CAPI was developed, in which all components were optimized and redesigned into a packaged unit. Using a more powerful pumping system, better analytical performances were obtained for this system. The miniature mass spectrometer has the capability to perform tandem mass spectrometry, and could be coupled with ambient ionization sources for analysis of different samples. Good stability (signal relative standard deviation, RSD < 5%), high sensitivity (limit of detection, LOD 10 ng/mL), better than unit mass resolution, and a broad mass range (from 150 Da to 2000 Da) were obtained. Integrated with a tablet computer for system control, the miniature mass spectrometer has dimensions of 38 cm × 23 cm × 34 cm (length × width × height), and is 13 kg in total weight. The whole system is powered by an adapter with a power consumption of 200 watts in total.

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Miniature and Fieldable Mass Spectrometers: Recent Advances

Abstract: Graphical Abstract

Cited by 345 publications

References 254 publications

Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Experimental Characterization of Secular Frequency Scanning in Ion Trap Mass Spectrometers

Mini 2000: A Robust Miniature Mass Spectrometer with Continuous Atmospheric Pressure Interface

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