Mini-review: from <i>in vitro</i> to <i>ex vivo</i> studies: an overview of alternative methods for the study of medical biofilms

Castelo-Branco, Débora de Souza Collares Maia; Amando, Bruno Rocha; Ocadaque, Crister José; Aguiar, Lara de; Paiva, Débora Damásio de Queiroz; Diógenes, Expedito Maia; Guedes, Gláucia Morgana de Melo; Costa, Cecília Leite; Santos-Filho, Anísio Silvestre Pinheiro; Andrade, Ana Raquel Colares de; Cordeiro, Rossana de Aguiar; Rocha, Marcos Fábio Gadelha; Sidrim, José Júlio Costa

doi:10.1080/08927014.2020.1859499

Cited by 17 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…The antimicrobial action of the L. plantarum LP-G18-A11-incorporated gel (5%) was further analyzed in an ex vivo of a wound infection using porcine skin. This model is low-cost and represents an interesting alternative as porcine skin offers histological similarity to human skin [ 42 , 43 ], and it mimics how microorganisms can grow and develop in vivo [ 44 , 45 ]. In addition, porcine skin has been already employed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of L. plantarum USM8613 against S. aureus [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Gels Containing Lactobacilli Strains: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects in In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models

et al. 2023

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This study aimed to develop a hydroxyethyl cellulose-based topical formulation containing probiotics and to evaluate its antimicrobial action using in vivo and ex vivo models. Initially, the antagonistic effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus ATCC 10863, Limosilactobacillus fermentum ATCC 23271, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP-G18-A11 were analyzed against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 27853 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 2785. The best action was seen for L. plantarum LP-G18-A11, which presented high inhibition against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Then, lactobacilli strains were incorporated into hydroxyethyl cellulose-based gels (natrosol); however, only the LP-G18-A11-incorporated gels (5% and 3%) showed antimicrobial effects. The LP-G18-A11 gel (5%) maintained its antimicrobial effects and viability up to 14 and 90 days at 25 °C and 4 °C, respectively. In the ex vivo assay using porcine skin, the LP-G18-A11 gel (5%) significantly reduced the skin loads of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa after 24 h, while only P. aeruginosa was reduced after 72 h. Moreover, the LP-G18-A11 gel (5%) showed stability in the preliminary and accelerated assays. Taken together, the results show the antimicrobial potential of L. plantarum LP-G18-A11, which may be applied in the development of new dressings for the treatment of infected wounds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Gels Containing Lactobacilli Strains: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects in In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models

et al. 2023

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“…Even though in vitro studies are reproducible and have generated essential data for scientific development, they fail to reproduce several characteristics of the host environment (Lebeaux et al 2013). In this context, several ex situ models have been proposed, using byproducts of animal slaughter or experimentation, hair, nails, among others, in order to study the pathogenesis of diseases, including biofilm-associated infections (Yang et al 2013;Brilhante et al 2019;Castelo-Branco et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ model of biofilm‐associated wounds: providing a host‐like environment for the study of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms

Guedes

Santos-Filho

Regis

et al. 2021

J of Applied Microbiology

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Aim: This study aimed to assess an ex situ model of biofilm-associated wounds on porcine skin for the study of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in a host-like environment, after 48 to 120 h of incubation. Material and results: Ex situ and in vitro biofilms were comparatively analysed. Overall, CFU-counts and matrix quantification yielded significantly (P < 0Á05) higher results for ex situ than in vitro biofilms. Confocal microscopy revealed greater (P < 0Á05) biomass and thickness at 48-72 h and greater (P < 0Á05) robustness at 72 h of growth. S. aureus ex situ biofilms produced less (P < 0Á05) siderophore and proteases than in vitro biofilms, while P. aeruginosa ex situ biofilms produced more (P < 0Á05) siderophores and less proteases than in vitro biofilms. Conclusions: Biofilms grown ex situ present a greater amount of bacterial cells and polymeric matrix than their in vitro counterparts, reaching maturity at 72 h of growth. Moreover the production of virulence factors differs between ex situ and in vitro biofilms. Significance and Impact of the Study: These findings emphasize the importance of using ex situ biofilm models, once they mimic in vivo conditions. The use of these models brings perspectives for the pursuit of therapeutic alternatives, as tests may be performed in a host-like environment.

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“…The surface roughness compared to smooth surfaces featured significantly increased development and adherence of biomaterials. On the contrary, S. aureus cells were strongly attached to mechanical titanium that had been chemically polished as compared to the titanium that had just been received despite the polished surfaces being smoother [ 16 ].…”

Section: Practice For the Biofilm Removal Of Industrial Piping Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biofouling is a significant and costly issue for the industry. If the mature bacterial biofilm is allowed to grow unabated in towers cooling, circuits refrigeration, regenerators, receptacles, and any other industrial piping system, it will quickly spread in all directions [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. When the corresponding biofouling platelets approach a certain peak, the current rips out into pieces of biomass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini-Review of Biofilm Interactions with Surface Materials in Industrial Piping System

Yang

et al. 2023

Membranes

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The growth of biofilm, which is caused by microorganism accumulation and growth on wetted surfaces, may damage industrial piping systems, increase maintenance and cleaning costs for the system sterilization, and even divulge the immune system into high risk. This article systematically analyzes the biofilm interactions with piping surface materials from the perspectives of physical convection, and biological and chemical adhesion. The thermodynamics of the flow, bacterial surface sensing, and bio-communication are the most critical factors for biofilm attachment. Furthermore, experimental analysis methods as well as biofilm control and removal approaches, are also included in this study. Finally, the resistance and growth of biofilm, as well as the practical and advanced methodology to control the biofilm and challenges associated with technology, are also discussed. Moreover, this paper may also offer a significant reference for the practice and strategic applications to address the biofilm resistance issues in industrial piping.

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Mini-review: from in vitro to ex vivo studies: an overview of alternative methods for the study of medical biofilms

Cited by 17 publications

References 140 publications

Development and Characterization of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Gels Containing Lactobacilli Strains: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects in In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models

Development and Characterization of Hydroxyethyl Cellulose-Based Gels Containing Lactobacilli Strains: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects in In Vitro and Ex Vivo Models

Ex situ model of biofilm‐associated wounds: providing a host‐like environment for the study of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms

Mini-Review of Biofilm Interactions with Surface Materials in Industrial Piping System

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