Mineralization of high concentrations of the endocrine disruptor dibutyl phthalate by Fusarium culmorum

Abstract

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a widely used plasticizer, whose presence in the environment as a pollutant raises concern because of its endocrine-disrupting toxicity. Growth kinetics, glucose uptake, biodegradation constant of DBP (), half-life of DBP biodegradation () and percentage of removal efficiency (%) were evaluated for grown on media containing glucose and different concentrations of DBP (500 and 1000 mg/l). Intermediate compounds of biodegraded DBP were identified by GC-MS and a novel DBP biodegradation pathway was proposed on the basis of the intermolecular flow of electrons of the intermediates identified using quantum chemical modeling. degraded 99% of both 1000 and 500 mg of DBP/l after an incubation period of 168 and 228 h, respectively. % was 99.5 and 99.3 for 1000 and 500 mg of DBP/l, respectively. The was 0.0164 and 0.0231 h for 500 and 1000 mg of DBP/l, respectively. DBP was fully metabolized to fumaric and malic acids, which are compounds that enter into the Krebs cycle. has a promising ability for bioremediation of environments polluted with DBP because it efficiently degrades DBP and uses high concentrations of this compound as carbon and energy source.

Effect of surfactant Tween 80 on growth and esterase production of Fusarium culmorum in liquid fermentation

“…Particularly, Tween 80 (polysorbate 80, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, C64H124O26) is a nonionic surfactant widely used in pollutant biodegradation studies (Bustamante et al, 2012;Cheng et al, 2017). This surfactant is added to the culture medium to make hydrophobic substrate available to microorganisms (Ahuactzin-Pérez et al, 2016;Ahuactzin-Pérez et al, 2018a;2018b;2018c;González-Márquez et al, 2019a). Due to the widespread use of Tween 80, it is important to understand how this surfactant affects microbial growth and enzyme production.…”

“…In particular, some ascomycete fungi from the genus Fusarium have been reported to be highly efficient organopollutant degrading organisms due to their secretion of enzymes such as esterase (Chhaya and Guspte, 2013;Aguilar-Alvarado et al, 2015;Bouchiat et al, 2015, Ahuactzin-Pérez et al, 2016, 2018a2018b;2018c;Gonzalez-Marquez et al, 2019). Fusarium culmorum has been reported as an organism able to degrade phthalates (Ahuactzin-Pérez et al, 2016;Ahuactzin-Pérez et al, 2018a;2018b;2018c;González-Márquez et al, 2019a) and apple cutin (González-Márquez et al, 2019b). In this work, the effect of different concentrations (100, 400 and 600 l/L; v/v) of Tween 80 on the biomass production, esterase activities and protein content of F. culmorum grown in liquid fermentation were determined.…”

Application of Fungus Enzymes in Spent Mushroom Composts from Edible Mushroom Cultivation for Phthalate Removal

“…The key enzymes of the initial stage are esterases/hydrolases. The second stage of phthalate biodegradation continues with benzene ring cleavage of PA and the metabolites produced from PA and alcohol decomposition [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Dioxygenases and oxidases/dehydrogenases are involved in the second stage of phthalate biodegradation.…”

“…The biodegradation of phthalates has been investigated in several studies [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. The main basis of phthalate biodegradation pathways is composed of two stages: The first stage is initiated with ester hydrolysis reactions, which generate phthalic acid (PA) and alcohols.…”

“…The biodegradation is continued with benzene ring cleavage of PA and metabolites produced from the decomposition of PA and alcohol. Several enzymes, including decarboxylases, oxygenases, and oxidases/dehydrogenases may be involved in the second stage [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. The genus Pleurotus comprises a group of edible mushrooms with important biotechnological and environmental applications [ 35 ].…”