Mineralization and Immobilization of Nitrogen in the Decomposition of Plant and Animal Residues

Bartholomew, W. V.

doi:10.2134/agronmonogr10.c7

Cited by 51 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…The C/N ratio ranges from as low as 6.5 in composted chicken or pig manure to as high as 82 in cereal-crop residues [5] and 664 in sawdust [44]. It has been reported that crop residues with a C/N ratio of less than Agric Res (June 2013) 2(2): 99-110 101 33 will provide net N mineralization [8]. Similarly, other researchers suggested that crop residues with C/N ratio below 30 are expected to result in net N mineralization, while residues with C/N ratio greater than 30 favour immobilization [1].…”

Section: Carbon-to-nitrogen Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

et al. 2013

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Summary Wastes generated from municipal and agricultural activities have the tremendous potential for application in agriculture as a source of nutrients and as amendments to improve soil organic matter (SOM). A decline in SOM can represent a serious threat to soil fertility and quality. Nitrogen (N) mineralization from organic amendments is important for understanding the N dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. In this review, quality of the amendments such as C/N ration, N content, and biochemical compositions, etc. are discussed. Since, C/N ratio cannot explain all differences in N mineralization; emphasis has been laid on characterizing different compounds in organic amendments that govern the mineralization process. The importance of simulation models has also been described in modeling N mineralization from some complex materials like compost, animal manures and farmyard manures. These complex simulation models once modified according to the quality of the organic amendments can simulate N mineralization and thus, they can be used for simulating N dynamics in terrestrial eco-systems.

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Section: Carbon-to-nitrogen Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

et al. 2013

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“…More ammonium tends to accumulate if the nitrification process is inhibited on the other hand ammonium content decreases with the increase in the nitrate form (Bartholomow, 1965;Power & Papendick, 1985). Application of manures and fertilizers had significantly increased the rate of N mineralization (NH 4 + + NO 3 2-) in the first one week of incubation over the control.…”

Section: Rate Of N Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mineralization of nitrogen is the transformation of nitrogen from organic into inorganic form and the immobilization is the reversal of the process. These processes are biochemical in nature and are mediated through the activities of microorganisms (Bartholomow, 1965). The resulting effects of these two processes are expressed as net mineralization or net immobilization which decides the nitrogen supply to the growing crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Release Pattern From Organic Manures Applied to an Acid Soil

Murugan

Swarnam²

2013

JAS

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Study of nitrogen release pattern from organic manures is very essential to ensure nitrogen supply in adequate quantity and at proper time to crop plants in an acid soil. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to determine the nitrogen release pattern from vermicompost (V.C), poultry manure (P.M), neem, inorganic fertilizer (I.O) and its combinations applied to an acid soil at two different rates. Cumulative nitrogen mineralization was significantly higher throughout the incubation period for I.O, V.C+P.M and I.O+V.C while it was two weeks after incubation for V.C and V.C+Neem due to the inhibitory effect of neem on nitrification. The results indicated a significant increase in the rate of N mineralization in the first one week in which the highest rate of 3.36 mg N day -1 was observed for inorganic fertilizer and thereafter it slowed down. V.C followed by V.C+Neem recorded higher rate of N mineralization of 0.24 and 0.23 mg day -1 respectively, from 48 th days after incubation. V.C+Neem at 120 kg N equivalent ha -1 recorded the highest ammonia content of 42.1% to total available N while V.C+P.M recorded higher nitrate content of 82.3% at the end of the incubation period. Positive correlation between initial nitrogen and total mineralized N from the manures and fertilizers (R 2 = 0.563) was observed. Furthermore, addition of organic manures resulted in increase in soil pH where as inorganic fertilizer showed a slight decrease (5.73) than control (5.78).

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“…Hence, in order to predict the net mineralization of nitrogen in animal manures, transformation of nitrogen from organic into inorganic form and immobilization processes need to be understood. These processes are mediated through microbial activities and naturally, they are biochemical (Vel and Swamam 2013;Bartholomow 1965). Large variability in manure qualities (Chadwick et al 2000) or types had posed difficulties for researchers in concluding on a specific rate of manure to support development of different crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of soil nitrogen availability indices in a sandy clay loam soil amended with animal manures

Saka

Azeez

Odedina

et al. 2017

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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Purpose Transformation of nitrogen (N) from different manure sources to available forms to promote food security in context of rising climate change is vital. Effect of manure (types, nutrients, high rates and application time) on soil N transformation requires further investigation. This study evaluated effects of three animal manures on soil N mineralization of sandy clay loam. Methods A 22-week field study in a Randomized Complete Block Design (three replicates) was conducted using dried Cattle, Goat and Poultry Manures (CGPM), applied at 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 120 ? -N and NO 3 --N at 12 WAI. High rates of CGPM were not injurious to these soil properties; hence this has implication for N to maximize plants uptake as well as decrease losses to environment.

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Mineralization and Immobilization of Nitrogen in the Decomposition of Plant and Animal Residues

Cited by 51 publications

References 87 publications

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

How Important is the Quality of Organic Amendments in Relation to Mineral N Availability in Soils?

Nitrogen Release Pattern From Organic Manures Applied to an Acid Soil

Dynamics of soil nitrogen availability indices in a sandy clay loam soil amended with animal manures

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