Mineral concentrations of plasma and liver after injection with a trace mineral complex differ among Angus and Simmental cattle

Abstract

To examine the effects of cattle breed on the clearance rate of an injectable mineral product, 10 Angus and 10 Simmental steers were blocked by breed and initial BW (332 ± 33 kg) and injected with either Multimin 90 (MM) or sterilized saline (CON) at a dose of 1 mL/45 kg BW. Multimin 90 contains 15 mg Cu/mL (as Cu disodium EDTA), 60 mg Zn/mL (as Zn disodium EDTA), 10 mg Mn/mL (as Mn disodium EDTA), and 5 mg Se/mL (as sodium selenite). Steers received a corn-silage-based diet, and inorganic sources of Cu, Zn, Mn, and Se were supplemented at NRC recommended amounts. Jugular blood was collected immediately before injection and at 8 and 10 h post-injection and on days 1, 8, and 15 post-injection. Liver biopsies were collected 3 d before injection and on days 1, 8, and 15 post-injection. Liver and plasma mineral concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity data were analyzed as repeated measures. Plasma concentrations of Zn, Mn, and Se were greater (P = 0.01) and Cu tended to be greater (P = 0.12) post-injection in MM steers compared with the CON steers. Regardless of treatment, Simmental cattle had lower plasma concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Se (P ≤ 0.05) when compared with Angus cattle. Erythrocyte GSH-Px activity was greater (P = 0.01) in MM steers compared with CON steers. Liver concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Se were greater (P = 0.05) in MM steers compared with CON steers post-injection. Liver Mn concentrations tended to be greater (P = 0.06) in MM steers compared with CON steers in the days post-injection. Interestingly, Simmental cattle exhibited greater (P = 0.01) liver Mn concentrations in the days after injection compared with Angus cattle (7.0 and 6.0 mg Mn/kg for Simmental and Angus cattle, respectively), regardless of treatment. It is unclear if this breed difference is biologically relevant; however, these data may suggest that differences in liver excretion of Mn exist between the two breeds. Overall, use of an injectable trace mineral increased liver concentrations of Cu and Se through the 15-d sampling period, suggesting that this injectable mineral is an adequate way to improve Cu and Se status of cattle through at least 15 d.

High dietary sulfur decreases the retention of copper, manganese, and zinc in steers

“…An injectable mineral may also help bolster the trace mineral status of cattle consuming a high-S diet, which may slightly lessen the dependence of cattle on gastrointestinal absorption of trace minerals for incorporation into biological processes. When an injectable trace mineral (containing Cu, Se, Mn, and Zn) is used in concert with NRC (1996) recommended trace mineral supplementation, plasma Cu and Se (Pogge et al, 2012) and liver Cu (Daugherty et al, 2002, Pogge et al, 2012 and Se (Pogge et al, 2012) concentrations were increased in cattle. However, it is important to note these cattle were not consuming a high-S diet.…”

The effect of trace mineral supplementation on natural and conventionally raised feedlot beef cattle

“…But the authors did note that liver Cu concentrations continued to increase throughout the feeding period with dietary supplementation. This would support the results ofPogge et al (2012) suggesting that plasma TM concentrations are brought back to homeostatic concentrationsby d 15 after a sharp increase in TM concentrations immediately following a TM injection. In this situation the evaluation of liver mineral concentrations may be more meaningful in determining the beef animals TM status.…”

“…Injectable TM are a unique opportunity to rapidly improve the TM status of ruminant animals (Pogge et al, 2012;Genther and Hansen, 2014b) at times when dietary intake may be decreased. Trace mineral supplementation could alleviate some negative effects of stressful events because TM may have beneficial effects on immune status, disease resistance, and feed intake (Paterson and Engle, 2005).…”

“…(Arthington et al, 2014;Genther and Hansen, 2014b), likely because liver Zn and Mn are not consistently reflective of actual status of these two minerals, which are lacking good biomarkers . Interestingly, a TM injection given to Angus steers of a similar age caused an increase in liver Cu, Zn, Mn, and Se measured over 15 days after injection compared to a saline control treatment group when fed a corn-silage-based diet formulated to NRC (2000) TM recommendations (Pogge et al, 2012).…”

“…Upon analysis, plasma samples were vortexed, then diluted to a ratio of 1:20 with 1% nitric acid. Liver samples and plasma were analyzed for Cu, Mn, Se, and Zn concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA) as described by Pogge et al (2012).…”